{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:13:12Z","timestamp":1747185192107,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of metastatic cutaneous melanoma to the eye and identify potential distinguishing characteristics from the more common primary uveal melanoma; particularly, tumour location within the eye, cytomorphology and immunohistochemical\/specific molecular genetic features.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective observational case series using surgical enucleation and diagnostic vitrectomy cytologic specimens from seven patients with suspected intraocular melanoma, eventually diagnosed as metastatic melanoma, was conducted. Haematoxylin and eosin\u2010stained sections of tumour and immunohistochemical (IHC) stains for BRAFV600E and Ki\u201067 were critically reviewed; BAP1 IHC was also evaluated in cases where additional tissue was available. Clinical imaging studies and medical records were reviewed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The majority of patients (86%) with metastatic melanoma have primary vitreoretinal (not uveal) involvement and epithelioid, highly malignant cytomorphology (100%); many (50%) harbour <jats:italic>BRAFV600E<\/jats:italic> mutations, a finding not seen in large cohorts of primary uveal melanoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Characteristics favouring or defining metastatic intraocular melanoma over primary uveal melanoma include high\u2010grade epithelioid cytology, predominant involvement of the vitreous cavity and\/or retina, and presence of positive immunostaining for BRAFV600E.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T13:56:32Z","timestamp":1647006992000},"page":"1061-1070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Primary vitreoretinal involvement and immunopositivity for <scp><i>BRAFV600E<\/i><\/scp> help distinguish metastatic from primary intraocular melanoma: a detailed histopathologic study of metastatic cutaneous melanoma to the eye"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3797-6229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vamsee K","family":"Neerukonda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"David G. Cogan Laboratory of Ophthalmic Pathology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivana K","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Vitreoretinal Surgery Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna M","family":"Stagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David G. Cogan Laboratory of Ophthalmic Pathology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21442"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-18-0243"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.01.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000480640"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.12492"},{"volume-title":"Pathological anatomy illustrations of the elementary forms of disease","year":"1900","author":"Carswell R","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annder.2017.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2017.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.05.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsb2019760"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000056358"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202X.2004.22221.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202x.2001.01421.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1956.tb36084.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13671-012-0035-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2004.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra052166"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25576"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2011.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl197"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2004.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.03.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-22539-5_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.01.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19981015)83:8<1664::AID-CNCR23>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)92205-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.129"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000361"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2009.052225"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2004.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.09.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16276-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00766"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2005.01.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07586"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1000584"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3549"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6614"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2674"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2017.259"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-2076"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-0786"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-007-0692-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2264(199705)19:1<22::AID-GCC4>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1986.01050130108033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1985.01050070063031"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","first-page":"339","article-title":"Choroidal metastasis of cutaneous malignant melanoma treated by ruthenium\u2010106 plaque irradiation","volume":"25","author":"Anteby I","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-006-0469-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1999.60"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1995.160"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)94011-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210201200413"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.05.004"}],"container-title":["Histopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/his.14640","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/his.14640","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/his.14640","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T06:48:56Z","timestamp":1692859736000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/his.14640"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/his.14640"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/his.14640","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0309-0167","1365-2559"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0309-0167"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-2559"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-12-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-04-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}