{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T13:13:36Z","timestamp":1751980416007,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]],"date-time":"2022-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21cm0106502h0006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21cm0106502h0006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a major carcinogenic pathway with prognostic and predictive implications. The validity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)\u2010based MSI testing is well established in colorectal cancer; however, the data are limited in non\u2010colorectal gastrointestinal cancers. The aim of this study is to clarify the detailed MSI profiles of non\u2010colorectal gastrointestinal cancers and to investigate the differences from those of colorectal cancers. MSI testing was performed using paired tumour\/normal tissues of 123 mismatch repair\u2010deficient cancers detected by immunohistochemistry including 80 non\u2010colorectal cancers (eight oesophagogastric junction (EGJ), 57 gastric and 15 small intestine) and 43 colorectal cancers. Fragment size analysis revealed that the mean nucleotide shifts of five markers (Promega panel) were the highest in the stomach (6.4), followed by colorectum (5.7), small intestine (5.0) and EGJ cancers (mean\u00a0=\u00a04.0; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.015, versus stomach). All cases showed \u2265\u20091 nucleotide shift in \u2265\u20092 markers and were considered as MSI\u2010high. However, when the cut\u2010off was set to \u2265\u20093 nucleotide shifts in \u2265\u20092 markers, three EGJ (37.5%), two small intestine (13.3%) and two gastric (3.5%) cancers showed false\u2010negative results. In addition, cases with isolated loss of MSH6 or PMS2 showed smaller nucleotide shifts than those in others. MSI testing is applicable to non\u2010colorectal gastrointestinal cancers; however, a subset can yield false\u2010negative results due to subtle nucleotide shift in multiple markers. Analysis of paired tumour\/normal tissues and careful interpretation is necessary to avoid false\u2010negative results and ensure appropriate treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T08:18:57Z","timestamp":1666081137000},"page":"466-477","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Microsatellite instability profiles of gastrointestinal cancers: comparison between <scp>non\u2010colorectal<\/scp> and colorectal origin"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0196-5643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aya","family":"Shinozaki\u2010Ushiku","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Division of Integrative Genomics The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akiko","family":"Kunita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Next\u2010Generation Precision Medicine Development Laboratory The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akiko","family":"Iwasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moe","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sho","family":"Yamazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4513-1007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Ushiku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra012242"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1709968"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan6733"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.38.4719"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-018-0341-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","article-title":"Reliable pan\u2010cancer microsatellite instability assessment by using targeted next\u2010generation sequencing data","volume":"2017","author":"Middha S","year":"2017","journal-title":"JCO. 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