{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T18:39:52Z","timestamp":1787683192322,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glomus tumours are neoplasms with perivascular smooth muscle differentiation, which rarely occur in the oesophagus and may behave aggressively in this site based upon prior case reports. This study describes the clinicopathologic features of three oesophageal glomus tumours diagnosed at two large academic institutions between 1984 and 2022.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three cases of oesophageal glomus tumours were identified. Patients included two females and one male, with an age range of 19\u201365\u2009years. All three tumours behaved in a malignant fashion, with metastases to various sites (lymph nodes, lung, pericardium, pleura, diaphragm, scalp). One patient developed an aorto\u2010oesophageal fistula, resulting in a fatal haemorrhage. Tumours ranged in size from 4.5 to 8.1\u00a0cm. Histologically, all tumours had a multinodular, perivascular growth pattern. The neoplasms showed varying degrees of cytologic atypia and spindling, elevated mitotic activity (2\u201312 mitotic figures per 10 high\u2010power fields), and necrosis was seen in in two cases. All tumours expressed smooth muscle actin by immunohistochemistry, and harboured\n                      <jats:italic>NOTCH<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene alterations (\n                      <jats:italic>MIR143::NOTCH2<\/jats:italic>\n                      fusion in two cases;\n                      <jats:italic>NOTCH3<\/jats:italic>\n                      rearrangement and\n                      <jats:italic>NOTCH1<\/jats:italic>\n                      point mutation in one case). An\n                      <jats:italic>ATRX<\/jats:italic>\n                      splicing mutation in exon 10 was also identified in one case.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oesophageal glomus tumours pose diagnostic challenges, given their rarity at this site, but can be recognised by their characteristic perivascular growth pattern, round central nuclei, and supportive ancillary studies. Given the propensity for aggressive behaviour in this location, we recommend management by a multidisciplinary sarcoma team for optimal outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T21:39:51Z","timestamp":1676410791000},"page":"1048-1055","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Oesophageal glomus tumours: rare neoplasms with aggressive clinical behaviour"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Jacqueline E","family":"Birkness\u2010Gartman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sintawat","family":"Wangsiricharoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander J","family":"Lazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology &amp; Genomic Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4444-0297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John M","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"179","volume-title":"WHO Classification of Tumors Editorial Board. Soft Tissue and Bone Tumors","author":"Specht K","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"473","volume-title":"WHO Classification Of Tumors Editorial Board. Digestive System Tumors","author":"Thway K","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200101000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200203000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001925"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","article-title":"A rare case of malignant glomus tumor of the esophagus","volume":"2013","author":"Bali GS","year":"2013","journal-title":"Case Rep. Oncol. 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Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"687","article-title":"Synchronous multiple glomus tumors of the esophagus and lung","volume":"50","author":"Altorjay A","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Glomus tumor of the esophagus: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"79","author":"Segura S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Conn. 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