{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T05:11:53Z","timestamp":1768885913804,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The reliable classification of type A versus type B3 thymomas has prognostic and therapeutic relevance, but can be problematic due to considerably overlapping morphology. No immunohistochemical markers aiding in this distinction have been published so far.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified and quantified numerous differentially expressed proteins using an unbiased proteomic screen by mass spectrometry in pooled protein lysates from three type A and three type B3 thymomas. From these, candidates were validated in a larger series of paraffin\u2010embedded type A and B3 thymomas. We identified argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1) and special AT\u2010rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) as highly discriminatory between 34 type A and 20 type B3 thymomas (94% sensitivity, 98% specificity and 96% accuracy). Although not the focus of this study, the same markers also proved helpful in the diagnosis of type AB (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200914), B1 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094) and B2 thymomas (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mutually exclusive epithelial expression of ASS1 in 100% of type B3 thymomas and ectopic nuclear expression of SATB1 in 92% of type A thymomas support the distinction between type A and type B3 thymomas with 94% sensitivity, 98% specificity and 96% accuracy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T00:31:05Z","timestamp":1686616265000},"page":"607-616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Proteomic analysis identifies argininosuccinate synthetase 1 and special AT\u2010rich sequence binding protein 1\u2009as reliable markers for the immunohistochemical distinction between WHO types A and B3 thymomas"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0367-6527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Bremmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center  G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanibal","family":"Bohnenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center  G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Findeisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MVZ Labor Limbach  Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Welter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Surgery Department Lung Clinic Hemer  Hemer Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"von Hammerstein\u2010Equord","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery University Medical Center  G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Hinterthaner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery University Medical Center  G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center  G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"K\u00fcffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center  G\u00f6ttingen 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