{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T14:33:19Z","timestamp":1790605999268,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Testicular Leydig cell tumours (LCTs) are the most common type of sex cord\u2013stromal tumour in men, representing 1%\u20133% of all testicular neoplasms. Among testicular sex cord\u2013stromal tumours,\n                      <jats:italic>CTNNB1<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutations and nuclear expression of \u03b2\u2010catenin have been typically associated with Sertoli cell tumour. Recent genomic analyses have shown that\n                      <jats:italic>CTNNB1<\/jats:italic>\n                      variants are also identified in a subset of LCTs; however, the frequency and clinicopathologic associations of \u03b2\u2010catenin alterations remain incompletely understood in this tumour type.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, we evaluated 32 LCTs (five malignant\/metastasizing, 27 nonmetastasizing) using \u03b2\u2010catenin immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Immunohistochemistry revealed focal or multifocal nuclear \u03b2\u2010catenin expression in 47% of the tumours. Diffuse nuclear \u03b2\u2010catenin expression (in &gt;50% of the tumour cells) was not detected in any of the cases analysed herein. Comparison of \u03b2\u2010catenin\u2010positive and \u03b2\u2010catenin\u2010negative cases did not show significant differences in the frequency of adverse histopathologic findings or malignant clinical behaviour. DNA sequencing performed\n                      <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                      on a subset of seven cases revealed the presence of exon 3\n                      <jats:italic>CTNNB1<\/jats:italic>\n                      variants in four of them (4\/7, 57%), with variant allele frequencies (VAF) ranging from 7 to 33%. Two additional \u03b2\u2010catenin\u2010positive cases that had been sequenced as part of a previous study harboured exon 3\n                      <jats:italic>CTNNB1<\/jats:italic>\n                      variants at VAF of 28% and 7%, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results demonstrate that \u03b2\u2010catenin alterations are relatively common in LCT, most likely occurring as subclonal events that are not enriched in cases with aggressive features. Further studies are needed to clarify the oncogenic role of \u03b2\u2010catenin in this tumour type.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.15175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T14:32:09Z","timestamp":1711463529000},"page":"75-80","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["<scp>\u03b2\u2010Catenin<\/scp>\n                    alterations in testicular Leydig cell tumour: a immunohistochemical and molecular analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Kitagawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Indiana University  Indianapolis IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"De Biase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Solid Tumor Molecular Pathology Laboratory IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Bologna  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit) University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Costantino","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DIAP\u2010Dipartimento InterAziendale di Anatomia Patologica di Bologna Maggiore Hospital  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC) University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristine M","family":"Cornejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelangelo","family":"Fiorentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DIAP\u2010Dipartimento InterAziendale di Anatomia Patologica di Bologna Maggiore Hospital  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC) University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9603-6731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrina","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Indiana University  Indianapolis IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6611-6389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad T","family":"Idrees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Indiana University  Indianapolis IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Colecchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology San Raffaele Hospital, Universita Vita Salute San Raffaele  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M","family":"Ulbright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Indiana University  Indianapolis IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8817-6331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andres Martin","family":"Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Indiana University  Indianapolis IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.02.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198503000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000000705"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14225"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-021-00845-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31829cdbc6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000455"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2023.100152"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty897"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10040250"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-5806"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"547","article-title":"Ultrastructural study of lobular glycogen heterogeneity in human liver","volume":"33","author":"Chamlian A","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cell. 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