{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T12:06:46Z","timestamp":1792843606947,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007921","name":"University of Pittsburgh","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>K\u00fcrsteiner canals (KC) were described at least 125\u2009years ago as pharyngeal pouch embryological remnants of parathyroid and thymic development. While considered precursors for a subset of parathyroid cysts and salivary heterotopias (SH), they remain enigmatic. We now define a comprehensive phenotype of KC remnants and investigate their role in a spectrum of parathyroid lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>`Sixty\u2010two cystic and 22 non\u2010cystic parathyroid lesions (73 patients) were retrieved from our institutional archive (2011\u201323) and evaluated for the presence of KC and prevalence of KC phenotype in parathyroid hormone (PTH)\u2010positive and PTH\u2010negative cysts. KC phenotype was defined as: cysts and tubules with surrounding sclerosis; bland, unilayered lining with frequent nuclear indentation of lumina; vesicular chromatin relative to chief cells; attenuated eosinophilic to \u2018hyper\u2010cleared\u2019 cytoplasm; and staining pattern PTH\u2010negative, SOX\u201010\u2010positive, CK7\u2010positive, GATA\u20103\u2010positive and PAX\u20109 dim, a subset with oestrogen\/progesterone receptor (ER\/PR) positivity. Thirty PTH\u2010negative cysts were identified in the neck\/mediastinum; 14 of this group also showed SH. Thirty\u2010two PTH\u2010positive cysts included: 11 cystic parathyroid adenomas, 17 hyperplastic parathyroids, and four carcinomas. KC showed two distinct subtypes and were often found near PTH\u2010negative cysts. PTH\u2010negative cysts were associated with inferior parathyroids, SOX\u201010 positivity, fibrosclerosis, vesicular nuclei indenting cyst lumina and hyper\u2010cleared or attenuated eosinophilic cytoplasm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>KC are common in parathyroids and show a distinct histological and immunohistochemical profile, with an inferior predilection favouring branchial cleft III distribution. Diagnostically, the high prevalence of this phenotype in PTH\u2010negative cysts and salivary heterotopia supports derivation of non\u2010functioning cysts from KC. Conversely, PTH\u2010positive cysts are more compatible with cystic change within hyperfunctioning glands.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.15326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T13:22:50Z","timestamp":1727184170000},"page":"341-351","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Characterisation of K\u00fcrsteiner canals of parathyroid: imparting relevance to a one\u2010and\u2010a\u2010quarter\u2010century\u2010old concept"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0079-4459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haley","family":"Corbin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2449-3685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linwah","family":"Yip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8288-3884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sally E","family":"Carty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5698-3702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Reyes\u2010M\u00fagica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3617-075X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raja R","family":"Seethala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197603000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2003.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02283-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2018.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02109896"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019262338901700210"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200006000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700480119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Parathyroid cysts","volume":"50","author":"Page GV","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am. 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