{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T03:38:08Z","timestamp":1782963488982,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Extragonadal yolk sac tumour (YST) is rare, and may present a diagnostic challenge. YST differentiation was recently reported in some somatically derived tumours in the sinonasal location and in the female genital tract, together with a SMARCB1\/INI1 loss. We report two paratesticular\/inguinal tumours with striking morphological and immunohistochemical similarities with YST, further expanding the spectrum of extragonadal tumours with YST\u2010like morphology and SMARCB1\/INI1 loss.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients were 13\u2010 and 27\u2010year\u2010old males who presented with a 1\u2010cm inguinal mass and a 4.6\u2010cm spermatic cord mass, respectively. Both neoplasms showed histological and immunohistochemical features in keeping with YST. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were diffusely positive for AE1\/AE3, spalt\u2010like transcription factor 4 (SALL4) and glypican\u20103; alpha\u2010fetoprotein (AFP) was positive in one of two tumours. S100, SMA, CD34 and brachyury were negative in both tumours. Pre\u2010operative serum AFP levels were normal in both patients. Although the initial diagnostic consideration was extragonadal YST, the diagnostic work\u2010up revealed complete loss of SMARCB1\/INI1 on immunohistochemistry and absence of isochromosome 12p by fluorescence <jats:italic>in\u2010situ<\/jats:italic> hybridisation. Both patients had an aggressive clinical course with rapid disease progression and widespread metastatic spread.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Somatically derived tumours with YST\u2010like morphology at an extragonadal location present a potential diagnostic pitfall. This type of neoplasm has not been previously reported in males at this location. Therefore, SMARCB1\/INI1 should be included in the immunohistochemistry work\u2010up of any neoplasm that morphologically resembles YST at an extragonadal site, even in the setting of positive germ cell tumour markers, as the correct diagnosis has prognostic and therapeutic implications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.15410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T03:58:56Z","timestamp":1736222336000},"page":"1044-1052","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Paratesticular\/inguinal <scp>SMARCB1<\/scp>\/<scp>INI1<\/scp> deficient carcinomas with yolk sac tumour\u2010like differentiation are aggressive somatic malignancies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Kemal","family":"Kosemehmetoglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara 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