{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T12:45:50Z","timestamp":1776170750362,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ductal carcinoma <jats:italic>in\u2010situ<\/jats:italic> (DCIS)\u2010like invasive carcinoma of the breast is an underdiagnosed pattern of invasive carcinoma that is challenging to separate from DCIS. We have observed some cases of DCIS\u2010like invasive carcinoma in which smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC) or calponin are strongly expressed in vessels tightly encircling the periphery of the tumour nodules, closely mimicking myoepithelium and potentially leading to misinterpretation as <jats:italic>in\u2010situ<\/jats:italic> disease. We aimed to assemble and characterise a series of DCIS\u2010like invasive carcinoma, with particular attention to presence and immunostaining of encircling vessels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We collected 23 cases of DCIS\u2010like invasive carcinoma and performed SMMHC, calponin, p63, CK5\/6, SMA, CD31 and D2\u201040 immunohistochemistry. All the cases showed no true myoepithelial cell staining, supporting invasive disease. Eighteen of the cases displayed vessels tightly encircling at least 25% of the tumour, which we termed tumour\u2010associated microvasculature (TAM). Of the TAM cases, 11 had at least some SMMHC vascular expression (termed tumour\u2010associated microvasculature mimicking myoepithelium, TAMMM). The vascular SMMHC was strong, circumferential and closely mimicked myoepithelial staining in three of the TAMMM cases. Eleven cases had focal\/patchy, often weaker, calponin staining in the vessels. CD31 was universally positive in TAMMM, supporting that the observed SMMHC or calponin expression encircling the tumour nodules was due to vascular staining. D2\u201040 was negative in all cases, confirming the lack of lymphatic endothelium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings illustrate TAMMM as a rare but important pitfall of myoepithelial cell immunohistochemistry in the distinction of DCIS\u2010like invasive carcinoma from <jats:italic>in\u2010situ<\/jats:italic> disease and support a panel approach to myoepithelial immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.15459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T22:43:46Z","timestamp":1746398626000},"page":"246-257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<scp>DCIS<\/scp>\u2010like invasive carcinoma of the breast with tumour\u2010associated microvasculature mimicking myoepithelium: a\u00a0diagnostic pitfall"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Taylor","family":"Salisbury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University Medical Center Pathology  Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8563-6363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mara","family":"Rendi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pathology Associates  Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7530-7588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rabia","family":"Bhalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University Medical Center Pathology  Stanford CA USA"},{"name":"Pathology Associates  Clovis CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2866-8283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory R","family":"Bean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University Medical Center Pathology  Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1776-0503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberly H","family":"Allison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University Medical Center Pathology  Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1590-2803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan L","family":"Troxell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University Medical Center Pathology  Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"The significance of intraduct appearances in breast cancer","volume":"10","author":"Cowen PN","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin. 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J. Clin. Exp. Pathol."}],"container-title":["Histopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/his.15459","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T13:03:53Z","timestamp":1752498233000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/his.15459"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/his.15459"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/his.15459","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0309-0167","1365-2559"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0309-0167","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2559","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}