{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:00:06Z","timestamp":1788447606077,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A broad spectrum of therapies is available for the management of prostate cancer, ranging from well\u2010established interventions like radical prostatectomy, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and radiation therapy (RT), to emerging modalities such as focal ablative treatments and targeted molecular therapies. These therapies can induce profound histologic alterations in both benign and malignant prostate tissue. Hormonal and radiation therapies are particularly known for their distinctive and often extensive morphologic effects, which have been well documented across needle biopsies, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or enucleation specimens and prostatectomy samples. Novel ablative techniques\u2014including cryotherapy, high\u2010intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and interstitial laser thermotherapy\u2014are gaining traction, yet the histologic consequences of these newer modalities are still being characterized. These treatment\u2010induced changes can obscure residual carcinoma, complicate tumour grading and staging and sometimes render traditional parameters such as Gleason scoring unreliable. As therapies evolve, pathologists must remain informed about the spectrum of post\u2010treatment changes to accurately interpret prostate specimens. Diagnostic accuracy hinges not only on recognizing these morphologic effects but also on integrating clinical history, particularly when treatment details are not readily available. This review provides an overview of current and investigational prostate cancer therapies, their histologic impact and practical guidance for post\u2010treatment evaluation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.15507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T13:23:30Z","timestamp":1765545810000},"page":"40-52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Treatment\u2010related changes in the prostate: past, present and future therapies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9603-6731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrina","family":"Collins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6049-5293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Surgery (Urology), Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, The Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, and Brown University Health  Providence RI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1723"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2009.10.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2009.237"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.17.4052"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199910000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","volume-title":"Chapter 19: Treatment effects. In Prostate pathology","author":"Humphrey PA","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","first-page":"107","article-title":"Histopathological changes induced by therapies in the benign prostate and prostate adenocarcinoma","volume":"22","author":"Petraki CD","year":"2007","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","volume-title":"Urologic surgical pathology","author":"Bostwick DB","year":"2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19970101)79:1<81::AID-CNCR12>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199909000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2022.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2017.11.095"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1607529"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-022-01093-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0000000000000168"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2015.146"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2014.116"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2016.49"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000736"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001497"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prostatic adenocarcinoma following androgen deprivation therapy: the new difficulty in histologic interpretation","volume":"3","author":"Bostwick DG","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anat. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0b013e318220f5b1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2011.04079.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2008.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19910815)68:4<821::AID-CNCR2820680426>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199410000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(94)80015-4"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"Histopathological effects of androgen deprivation in prostatic cancer","volume":"14","author":"Civantos F","year":"1996","journal-title":"Semin. Urol. Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","first-page":"568","article-title":"Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate carcinoma: Focusing on its pathophysiologic mechanisms and pathological features","volume":"31","author":"Alberti C","year":"2010","journal-title":"G. Chir."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200606000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e318058a96b"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","volume-title":"Urinary and male genital tumours","author":"Srigley JR","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2017.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2014.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","first-page":"495","article-title":"Salvage ablative\u00a0therapy in prostate cancer: International multidisciplinary consensus on trial design","volume":"33","author":"Bos W","year":"2015","journal-title":"Urol. Oncol."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000085620.28141.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2006.06347.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2012.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(96)80109-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","first-page":"807","article-title":"Histologic findings in postcryosurgical prostatic biopsies","volume":"9","author":"Borkowski P","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0b013e3282f19d01"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-016-0466-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2015.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-015-3894-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2013.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0b013e32832a2c4a"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21154"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2009.08359.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4804(88)90195-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharma.2008.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1992.tb04222.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-015-1535-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-020-0410-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-014-0359-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-013-1454-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.13372"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2007.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-010-0038-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.5.1050"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(00)00914-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCP8EL5FTZSOBIH"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PPO.0000000000000223"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SPC.0000000000000278"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12071752"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2018.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41391-021-00394-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2021.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-019-04320-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","first-page":"6357","article-title":"Correlation of primary tumor prostate\u2010specific membrane antigen expression with disease recurrence in prostate cancer","volume":"9","author":"Ross JS","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13071508"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euo.2018.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-58975-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.578093"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-020-05040-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-021-01061-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_81_1","volume-title":"Urinary and male genital tumours","author":"Kench JG","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)59889-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_83_1","volume-title":"Urological pathology","author":"Paner GP","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000530"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000173646.99337.b1"}],"container-title":["Histopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/his.15507","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/his.15507","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/his.15507","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T21:50:03Z","timestamp":1785448203000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/his.15507"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/his.15507"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/his.15507","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0309-0167","1365-2559"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0309-0167","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2559","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}