{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:41:48Z","timestamp":1792597308556,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Molecular characterization as well as histologic grading has proven useful in predicting the biological behaviour of meningiomas.\n                      <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene alterations, that is 22q loss and\/or\n                      <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutation, are the most common genetic driver events in meningioma and are associated with tumour location, histological subtype and aggressiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of immunostaining for Merlin, the\n                      <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010encoded protein, as a surrogate marker for detecting\n                      <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene alterations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We analysed 109 CNS WHO Grade I meningiomas, comparing the Merlin immunostaining patterns with\n                      <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene status. Complete loss of Merlin expression was observed in 46 of 51 (90%) meningiomas with\n                      <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic>\n                      alterations, whereas it was observed in 5 of 58 (9%) meningiomas without\n                      <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic>\n                      alterations. Therefore, Merlin immunohistochemistry could achieve relatively high sensitivity (90%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 79%\u201397%) and specificity (91%, 95% CI: 81%\u201397%) in detecting\n                      <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic>\n                      alterations. Although some cases required careful interpretation, interobserver agreement was high at 93%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings suggest that Merlin immunohistochemistry could serve as a reliable and practical surrogate marker for\n                      <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic>\n                      alterations in meningioma. It may support molecular\u2010based classification and risk stratification in clinical and research settings. However, caution is warranted in cases with cautery tissue damage and prominent macrophages, which can obscure staining patterns.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.15539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T13:06:34Z","timestamp":1755263194000},"page":"915-922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Merlin immunohistochemistry is a reliable surrogate marker for\n                    <i>NF2<\/i>\n                    gene alterations in meningioma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4902-898X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mayu","family":"Kashiwagi\u2010Hakozaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo  Tokyo 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