{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T20:24:53Z","timestamp":1773260693066,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bone marrow (BM) biopsy is an important procedure in B\u2010cell lymphoma staging. In most biopsies, the presence or absence of a lymphoma infiltrate can reliably be determined by standard histology. However, in a subset of cases with limited infiltration, this assessment remains inconclusive, requiring an alternative approach. Next\u2010generation sequencing (NGS)\u2010based detection of immunoglobulin (IG) gene rearrangements has the potential for resolving these difficult cases because of its high sensitivity. In this study, we tested the NGS\u2010based IG clonality protocol developed by the EuroClonality\u2010NGS Working Group on BM staging biopsies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty\u2010nine BM biopsies ranging from morphologically and immunohistochemically evidently involved to negative were analysed and compared to the original lymphoma. A clear distinction in the abundance of overlapping clonal IG rearrangements was observed between BM biopsies that were positive versus negative for lymphoma based on morphology and immunohistochemistry. In the 12 BM biopsies in which morphology and immunohistochemistry were insufficient to differentiate between the presence or absence of lymphoma, the estimated B\u2010cell infiltration ranged from 1% to 5%. In these cases, NGS\u2010based IG clonality analysis of paired primary lymphoma\/BM biopsies provided a binary outcome; a subset of cases with hardly or no primary lymphoma\u2010derived IG gene rearrangements in the BM biopsy could be distinguished from cases with clear presence of primary lymphoma\u2010derived IG gene rearrangements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data demonstrated that paired NGS\u2010based IG clonality analysis of lymphoma and BM samples can be a valuable additional tool for difficult BM staging biopsies in patients with B\u2010cell lymphoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.70073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T11:12:16Z","timestamp":1765797136000},"page":"1059-1074","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Next\u2010generation sequencing\u2010based\n                    <scp>IG<\/scp>\n                    clonality analysis to discriminate reactive infiltrates from minimal lymphoma involvement in paired lymphoma and bone marrow biopsies; a\n                    <scp>EuroClonality<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>NGS<\/scp>\n                    Working Group study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8871-6254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michiel","family":"van den Brand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen the 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W.","family":"Langerak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology Erasmus MC  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4181-3302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konnie M.","family":"Hebeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4314-228X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia J.T.A.","family":"Groenen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen the 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