{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T11:17:08Z","timestamp":1775474228596,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,28]],"date-time":"2025-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,28]],"date-time":"2025-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766880000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Tubular adenoma of the breast (TAB) is a rare and understudied neoplasm, initially thought to represent a fibroadenoma (FA) variant. Recently, it has been shown that TABs lack\n                      <jats:italic>MED12<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutations indicating a distinct pathogenesis, and an association between multiple TABs and Cowden syndrome (CS) has been described. We sought to evaluate PTEN status in TABs with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and identify other potential molecular alterations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty\u2010nine TABs from 43 patients (3 with CS, 40 without known CS) were retrieved. All patients were female, and ages ranged from 15 to 54\u2009years old (median: 25). All TABs were well circumscribed and composed of closely packed, bilayered tubules with minimal intervening stroma. CS patients had multiple, bilateral TABs. PTEN IHC showed loss of expression in the luminal cells in TABs from all CS patients while the expression was retained in sporadic\/non\u2010CS TABs. Whole exome and\/or Sanger sequencing was performed on 34 sporadic TABs and identified somatic missense mutations at codon 95 of the beta\u2010actin gene,\n                      <jats:italic>ACTB<\/jats:italic>\n                      , in 19 cases (56%). No pathogenic\n                      <jats:italic>MED12<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutations were identified in 29 TABs with next\u2010generation sequencing results.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, our findings highlight recurrent somatic\n                      <jats:italic>ACTB<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutations in more than half of sporadic TABs. CS\u2010associated TABs but not sporadic TABs showed loss of PTEN expression. The presence of bilateral and\/or multiple TABs should prompt PTEN IHC to rule out the possibility of CS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.70082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T01:25:05Z","timestamp":1766971505000},"page":"1229-1235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genetic and immunohistochemical studies identify recurrent\n                    <i>ACTB<\/i>\n                    mutations and\n                    <scp>PTEN<\/scp>\n                    alterations in tubular adenomas of the breast"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Hnin","family":"Ingyin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine\/New York Presbyterian Hospital  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James P","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine\/New York Presbyterian Hospital  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuewei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine\/New York Presbyterian Hospital  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine\/New York Presbyterian Hospital  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joelle","family":"Racchumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine\/New York Presbyterian Hospital  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aihui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Allard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guofeng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhicheng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chieh\u2010Yu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of Medicine  St. Louis MO USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunn\u2010Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of California San Francisco  San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5285-0862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregor","family":"Krings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1590-2803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan L.","family":"Troxell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed A.","family":"Hoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine\/New York Presbyterian Hospital  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2866-8283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory R.","family":"Bean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baris","family":"Boyraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine\/New York Presbyterian Hospital  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"280","volume-title":"A treatise on the diseases of the breast and mammary region","author":"Velpeau A","year":"1856"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"50","article-title":"Simple adenoma of the breast","volume":"74","author":"Baker EM","year":"1947","journal-title":"Va. Med. Mon. (1918)"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197606)37:6<2891::AID-CNCR2820370647>3.0.CO;2-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"481","article-title":"Pure adenoma of the breast","volume":"86","author":"Persaud V","year":"1968","journal-title":"Arch. 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