{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T20:14:17Z","timestamp":1783455257321,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Support Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Langerhans cell sarcoma (LCS) is a rare malignant neoplasm that relatively frequently presents with primary cutaneous involvement. Owing to its extreme rarity, it is necessary to characterize the clinicopathological features of\u2009cutaneous LCS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed the clinicopathological features of five cutaneous LCS cases from our institution and reviewed an additional 38 cutaneous LCS cases and 69 extracutaneous LCS cases from the literature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In our patients, disease progression exceeded 3\u2009years in four patients (4\/5, 80%) who were diagnosed with progressed cutaneous LCS, while one (1\/5, 20%) experienced rapid progression within 2\u2009months and was diagnosed with\n                      <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                      cutaneous LCS. Tumour cells were medium to large in size, with atypical mitotic figures, and nuclear pleomorphism was noted in the former four patients; round\u2010to\u2010ovoid nuclei were seen in the latter one patient. Eosinophils were sparse and observed in four patients (4\/5, 80%). S100, CD1a and Langerin expression were not consistently diffuse, with Langerin expressed in &lt;5% of tumour cells in one patient (1\/5, 20%) whose ultrastructural examination revealed Birbeck granules. In the combined cohort of 43 cutaneous LCS cases, 32 (74.42%) were progressed cutaneous LCS and 6 (13.95%) were\n                      <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                      cutaneous LCS. The progressed cutaneous LCS cases exhibited higher rates of lymph node metastasis (56.25% vs. 0%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.021), a trend toward more frequent ulceration (43.75% vs. 0%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.067) and a higher Ki\u201067 proliferation index (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.046). Compared with extracutaneous LCS cases, cutaneous LCS cases demonstrated a malignant transformation course (84.62% vs. 19.57%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and tended to have a more favourable prognosis (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.077).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We summarize the clinicopathological features of cutaneous LCS. Recognition plays a crucial role in preventing misdiagnosis and guiding appropriate treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.70146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T10:58:35Z","timestamp":1776769115000},"page":"357-371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Insights into Langerhans cell sarcoma: Focus on cutaneous Langerhans cell sarcoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"89","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2991-2888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8445-1516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0760-2763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4748-4121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9347-7999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sha","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1532\/IJH97.NA0604"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.2002.01418.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000039315"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428\u2010025\u201004230\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.13803"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3960\/jslrt.18027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2012.01873.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000000318"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"7037","article-title":"Langerhans cell sarcoma of the skin in association with superficial atypical Langerhans cell proliferation","volume":"9","author":"Soler AP","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rare Tumours."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/449410a"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19840715)54:2<347::AID-CNCR2820540228>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711630306"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19910901)68:5<1050::AID-CNCR2820680524>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151720"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e318283099f"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.13007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-020-02460-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/102.1.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0560.2001.280707.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/S0190-9622(03)00450-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1532\/IJH97.04142"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.dad.0000146314.52378.c2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-005-0115-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2007.02147.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-008-0063-x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","first-page":"327","article-title":"Langerhans cell sarcoma with pulmonary manifestation, mediastinum involvement and bronchoesophageal fistula. 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