{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T08:44:29Z","timestamp":1792658669150,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,6]],"date-time":"2013-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n Inversion of the\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4:\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 8 ratio (<\u20091) has been identified as a hallmark of inmmunosenescence and an independent predictor of mortality in the general population. We aimed to assess the association between the\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4:\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 8 ratio and markers of age\u2010associated disease in treated\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010infected patients with good immunovirological response.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A cross\u2010sectional analysis was conducted in 132\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010infected adults on antiretroviral therapy (\n ART<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), with plasma\n HIV RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2009<\u200950\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101\n RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n copies\/mL for at least 1 year,\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4 count >\u2009350\u2009cells\/\u03bcL and age <\u200965 years. We analysed the associations between the\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4:\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 8 ratio and subclinical atherosclerosis [assessed using carotid intima\u2010media thickness (\n IMT<\/jats:styled-content>\n )], arterial stiffness [assessed using the augmentation index (\n AIx<\/jats:styled-content>\n )], the estimated glomerular filtration rate (\n eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), muscle wasting and sarcopenia [assessed using appendicular lean mass\/height\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n (\n ALM<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) measured by dual\u2010energy\n X<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010ray absorptiometry (\n DEXA<\/jats:styled-content>\n )].\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4:\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 8 ratio inversion was associated with higher\n IMT<\/jats:styled-content>\n , lower\n eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n and lower\n ALM<\/jats:styled-content>\n (all values\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05), but not with\n AIx<\/jats:styled-content>\n . In multivariate analyses adjusted for age, sex, hypertriglyceridaemia, tobacco use and cumulative\n ART<\/jats:styled-content>\n exposure, inversion of the\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4:\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 8 ratio was independently associated with higher\n IMT<\/jats:styled-content>\n [odds ratio (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) 2.9; 95% confidence interval (\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) 1.2\u20137.1], arterial stiffness (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4.8; 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.0\u201323.5) and lower\n eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5.2; 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.0\u201364.4), but not sarcopenia (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 0.7; 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 0.2\u20132.7). These associations persisted when models were applied to subjects with nadir\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4 counts >\u2009200\u2009cells\/\u03bcL and those with\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4 counts >\u2009500\u2009cells\/\u03bcL.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n The\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4:\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 8 ratio in treated\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010infected subjects with good immunovirological response is independently associated with markers of age\u2010associated disease. Hence, it might be a clinically useful predictor of non\u2010\n AIDS<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010defining conditions.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,6]],"date-time":"2013-09-06T04:02:58Z","timestamp":1378440178000},"page":"40-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":136,"title":["The\n CD<\/scp>\n 4:\n CD<\/scp>\n 8 ratio is associated with markers of age\u2010associated disease in virally suppressed\n HIV<\/scp>\n \u2010infected patients with immunological recovery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Serrano\u2010Villar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department University Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Health Research Institute Ram\u00f3n y Cajal (IRYCIS) Madrid 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Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Sainz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Immune\u2010Biology Laboratory University Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Health Research Institute Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n (IiSGM) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"NGP","family":"de Villar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department University Hospital of Fuenlabrada Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Medicine Department University Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Estrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Medicine Department University Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos Madrid 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