{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T17:18:37Z","timestamp":1763140717495},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,17]],"date-time":"2014-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"Objectives<\/jats:title>Men diagnosed with rectal gonorrhoea (GC<\/jats:styled-content>) and chlamydia (CT<\/jats:styled-content>) have engaged in unprotected receptive anal intercourse. We reviewed the HIV<\/jats:styled-content> positivity and HIV<\/jats:styled-content> viral loads (VLs<\/jats:styled-content>) of men who had rectal GC<\/jats:styled-content> and CT<\/jats:styled-content> testing to evaluate potential HIV<\/jats:styled-content> acquisition and transmission risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Rectal GC<\/jats:styled-content> and CT<\/jats:styled-content> testing data for men attending the M<\/jats:styled-content>aricopa C<\/jats:styled-content>ounty STD<\/jats:styled-content> clinic during the period from 1 O<\/jats:styled-content>ctober 2011 to 30 S<\/jats:styled-content>eptember 2013 were cross\u2010matched with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> surveillance data to identify men with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> coinfection. We examined HIV<\/jats:styled-content> status, HIV<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis date, and the values of VL<\/jats:styled-content> collected nearest to the date of reported rectal infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>During the 2\u2010year time period, 1591 men were tested for rectal GC<\/jats:styled-content> and CT<\/jats:styled-content>. Of the men tested, 506 (31.8%) were positive for GC<\/jats:styled-content> (13.2%), CT<\/jats:styled-content> (12.2%) or both (6.4%); 119 (23.5%) of those with rectal GC<\/jats:styled-content> or CT<\/jats:styled-content> were coinfected with HIV<\/jats:styled-content>. Among the 275 men with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> at the time of rectal testing, 54 (19.6%) had no reported VL<\/jats:styled-content>; 63 (22.9%) had an undetectable VL<\/jats:styled-content> (<\u200920 HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 RNA<\/jats:styled-content> copies\/mL) and 158 (57.4%) had a detectable VL<\/jats:styled-content> collected within 1 year of rectal diagnosis. Mean VL<\/jats:styled-content> was higher among HIV<\/jats:styled-content> and rectal GC<\/jats:styled-content>\/CT<\/jats:styled-content> coinfected cases compared with men with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> alone (174\u2009316 vs.<\/jats:italic> 57\u2009717\u2009copies\/mL, respectively; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Approximately one\u2010third of men undergoing rectal testing were positive for GC<\/jats:styled-content> or CT<\/jats:styled-content> and one\u2010quarter of men with rectal GC<\/jats:styled-content> or CT<\/jats:styled-content> also had HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection. Of the HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected men tested for rectal GC<\/jats:styled-content> or CT<\/jats:styled-content>, more than half had a detectable VL<\/jats:styled-content> collected near the time of rectal testing, demonstrating a risk for transmitting HIV<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,18]],"date-time":"2014-09-18T03:39:30Z","timestamp":1411011570000},"page":"249-254","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["HIV<\/scp> status and viral loads among men testing positive for rectal gonorrhoea and chlamydia, M<\/scp>aricopa C<\/scp>ounty, A<\/scp>rizona, USA<\/scp>, 2011\u20132013"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"MM","family":"Taylor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of STD Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"},{"name":"Maricopa County Department of Public Health Phoenix AZ USA"},{"name":"STD Program Arizona Department of Health Services Phoenix AZ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DR","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of STD Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Surveillance Program Arizona Department of Health Services Phoenix AZ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Skinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Surveillance Program Arizona Department of Health Services Phoenix AZ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Khurana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maricopa County Department of Public Health Phoenix AZ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Mickey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maricopa County Department of Public Health Phoenix AZ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181c3ef29"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318195bd2b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181b48f33"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit437"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31828fd163"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"716","article-title":"Clinic\u2010based testing for rectal and pharyngeal Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infection by community\u2010based organizations \u2013 five cities, United States, 2007","volume":"58","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2009","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549141291S113","article-title":"Trends in reported syphilis and gonorrhea among persons infected with HIV in Arizona: implications for prevention and control","volume":"129","author":"Skinner JM","year":"2014","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318299cf00"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"SuJR WeinstockHS.Epidemiology of co\u2010infection with HIV and syphilis in 34 states United States 2009.National HIV Prevention Conference. 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Department of Health and Human Services. Section E1. Available athttp:\/\/aidsinfo.nih.gov\/contentfiles\/lvguidelines\/AdultandAdolescentGL.pdf(accessed 1 October 2013)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","unstructured":"United States Census Bureau.List of the most populous US counties sorted according to the mid\u20102011 official estimate by the USCB. Available athttp:\/\/www.geohive.com\/cntry\/usa.aspx(accessed 14 January 2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","volume-title":"Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2012","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","unstructured":"2013 annual report. HIV epidemiology program. Arizona Department of Health Services. Available athttp:\/\/www.azdhs.gov\/phs\/edc\/odis\/hiv\u2010epidemiology\/reports\/2013\u2010annual\u2010report.htm(accessed 15 January 2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","unstructured":"Maricopa county department of public health sexually transmitted disease program. 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