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The primary measure of\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n was the quantitative\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2005\n z<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010score (\n QNPZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20108), the average of the\n z<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010scores for the eight tests. Associations of baseline factors with\n QNPZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20108 scores were assessed by multiple regression. Mild neurocognitive impairment (\n NCI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) was defined as\n z<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010scores\u2009<\u2009\u22121 in at least two of six cognitive domains.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 608 participants had a median age of 34 years; 11% were women and 15% were black; the median time since HIV diagnosis was 0.9 years; the median\n CD4<\/jats:styled-content>\n cell count was 633 cells\/\u03bcL; 19.9% had mild\n NCI<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Better\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n was independently associated with younger age, being white, higher body mass index (0.10 per 10\u2009kg\/m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n higher), and higher haematocrit percentage (0.19 per 10% higher). Worse\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n was associated with longer time since\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n diagnosis (\u20100.17 per 10 years), diabetes (\u20100.29) and higher Framingham risk score (\u20100.15 per 10 points higher).\n QNPZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20108 scores differed significantly between geographical locations, with the lowest scores in\n B<\/jats:styled-content>\n razil and\n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n rgentina\/\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n hile.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n This is the largest study of\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n in\n ART<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010na\u00efve\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010positive adults with\n CD4<\/jats:styled-content>\n counts\u2009>\u2009500 cells\/\u03bcL. Demographic factors and diabetes were most strongly associated with\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Unmeasured educational\/sociocultural factors may explain geographical differences. Poorer\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n was independently associated with longer time since\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n diagnosis, suggesting that untreated\n HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n infection might deleteriously affect\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n , but the effect was small.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]],"date-time":"2015-02-25T04:55:37Z","timestamp":1424840137000},"page":"97-108","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Factors associated with neurocognitive test performance at baseline: a substudy of the\n INSIGHT<\/scp>\n Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (\n START<\/scp>\n ) trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"EJ","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Alfred Hospital and Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria 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