{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T13:06:27Z","timestamp":1767963987704,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,3]],"date-time":"2016-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002924","name":"Federaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola de Enfermedades Raras","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002924","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007671","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para la Investigaci\u00f3n y la Prevenci\u00f3n del Sida en Espa\u00f1a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007671","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006483","name":"AbbVie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009947","name":"Merck Sharp and Dohme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009947","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000046","name":"Abbott Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000046","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001003","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001003","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"Objectives<\/jats:title>Chronic oxidative stress (OS<\/jats:styled-content>) may play a role in cardiovascular disease in HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected patients, and increased bilirubin levels may have a beneficial role in counteracting OS<\/jats:styled-content>. Atazanavir (ATV<\/jats:styled-content>) inhibits UDP\u2010glucuronosyl\u2010transferase 1A1 (UGT<\/jats:styled-content>1A1), thus increasing unconjugated bilirubin levels. We aimed to compare changes in OS<\/jats:styled-content> markers in patients on ATV<\/jats:styled-content>\/ritonavir (ATV<\/jats:styled-content>\/r)\u2010 vs<\/jats:italic>. efavirenz (EFV<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010based first\u2010line antiretroviral therapy (ART<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A multicentre, prospective cohort study of HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected patients who started first\u2010line ART<\/jats:styled-content> with either ATV<\/jats:styled-content>\/r or EFV<\/jats:styled-content> was conducted. Lipoprotein\u2010associated phospholipase A2 (Lp\u2010PLA<\/jats:styled-content>2), myeloperoxidase (MPO<\/jats:styled-content>) and oxidized low\u2010density lipoprotein (oxLDL<\/jats:styled-content>) were measured for 145 patients in samples obtained at baseline and after at least 9 months of ART<\/jats:styled-content> during which the initial regimen was maintained and the patient was virologically suppressed. The change in OS<\/jats:styled-content> markers was modelled using multiple linear regressions adjusting for baseline values and confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>After adjustment for baseline variables, patients on ATV<\/jats:styled-content>\/r had a significantly greater decrease in Lp\u2010PLA<\/jats:styled-content>2 [estimated difference \u221216.3; 95% confidence interval (CI<\/jats:styled-content>) \u221231.4, \u22121.25; P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03] and a significantly smaller increase in OxLDL<\/jats:styled-content> (estimated difference \u221221.8; 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> \u221238.0, \u22125.6; P<\/jats:italic> < 0.01) relative to those on EFV<\/jats:styled-content>, whereas changes in MPO<\/jats:styled-content> were not significantly different (estimated difference 1.2; 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> \u221214.3, 16.7; P<\/jats:italic> = 0.88). Adjusted changes in bilirubin were significantly greater for the ATV<\/jats:styled-content>\/r group than for the EFV<\/jats:styled-content> group (estimated difference 1.33 mg\/dL<\/jats:styled-content>; 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.03, 1.52 mg\/dL<\/jats:styled-content>; P<\/jats:italic> < 0.01). Changes in bilirubin and changes in OS<\/jats:styled-content> markers were significantly correlated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>When compared with EFV<\/jats:styled-content>, ATV<\/jats:styled-content>\/r\u2010based therapy was associated with lower levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, which was in part attributable to increased bilirubin levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,3]],"date-time":"2016-03-03T09:54:12Z","timestamp":1456998852000},"page":"653-661","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Relationship between plasma bilirubin level and oxidative stress markers in HIV<\/scp>\u2010infected patients on atazanavir\u2010 vs<\/i>. efavirenz\u2010based antiretroviral therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"V","family":"Estrada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos\u2010IdiSSC Universidad Complutense Madrid 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