{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T20:03:17Z","timestamp":1762459397010},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,20]],"date-time":"2016-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004386","name":"Universiti Malaya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UMRG RP029A\u201014HTM"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMRG RP029A\u201014HTM"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004386","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"Objectives<\/jats:title>Human papillomavirus (HPV<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010associated cancers disproportionately affect those infected with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> despite effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). The primary aim of this study was to quantify HPV<\/jats:styled-content>16 and HPV<\/jats:styled-content>52 E6\u2010specific interferon (IFN<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010\u03b3<\/jats:italic> enzyme\u2010linked immunospot (ELISPOT<\/jats:styled-content>) T\u2010cell responses, a correlate of protective immunity, in the first year following cART initiation and subsequently in those patients with suboptimal (sIR) and optimal (oIR) immune reconstitution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Ninety\u2010four HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected patients were recruited to the study; a longitudinal cohort of patients recruited just prior to commencing cART<\/jats:styled-content> and followed up for 48 weeks (n<\/jats:italic> = 27), and a cross\u2010sectional cohort (n<\/jats:italic> = 67) consisting of patients with sIR<\/jats:styled-content> (CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 T\u2010cell count < 350 cells\/\u03bc<\/jats:italic>L) and oIR<\/jats:styled-content> (CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 T\u2010cell count > 500 cells\/\u03bc<\/jats:italic>L) after a minimum of 2 years on cART<\/jats:styled-content>. Controls (n<\/jats:italic> = 29) consisted of HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative individuals. IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3 <\/jats:italic>ELISPOT<\/jats:styled-content> responses against HPV<\/jats:styled-content>16 and HPV<\/jats:styled-content>52 E6 were correlated to clinical characteristics, anal and oral HPV<\/jats:styled-content> carriage, T\u2010cell maturational subsets, markers of activation, senescence and T\u2010regulatory cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>HPV<\/jats:styled-content>16 and HPV<\/jats:styled-content>52 E6\u2010specific T\u2010cell responses were detected in only one of 27 patients (3.7%) during the initial phase of immune recovery. After at least 2 years of cART, those who achieved oIR<\/jats:styled-content> had significantly higher E6\u2010specific responses (9 of 34; 26.5%) compared with those with sIR (2 of 32; 6.3%) (P<\/jats:italic> = 0.029). Apart from higher CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 T\u2010cell counts and lower CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 T\u2010cell activation, no other immunological correlates were associated with the detection of HPV<\/jats:styled-content>16 and HPV<\/jats:styled-content>52 E6\u2010specific responses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>HPV<\/jats:styled-content>16 and HPV<\/jats:styled-content>52 E6\u2010specific IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3<\/jats:italic> T\u2010cell responses, a correlate of protective immunity, were detected more frequently among HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected patients who achieved optimal immune recovery on cART (26.5%) compared with those with suboptimal recovery (6.3%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,21]],"date-time":"2016-09-21T02:52:50Z","timestamp":1474426370000},"page":"321-331","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Human papillomavirus 16 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