{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T14:43:17Z","timestamp":1768315397906,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,21]],"date-time":"2016-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003197","name":"Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco, Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H85E08000200005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H85E08000200005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"Objectives<\/jats:title>The aim of the study was to assess the rate, determinants, and outcomes of repeat pregnancies in women with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Data from a national study of pregnant women with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection were used. Main outcomes were preterm delivery, low birth weight, CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 cell count and HIV<\/jats:styled-content> plasma viral load.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The rate of repeat pregnancy among 3007 women was 16.2%. Women with a repeat pregnancy were on average younger than those with a single pregnancy (median age 30 vs<\/jats:italic>. 33 years, respectively), more recently diagnosed with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection (median time since diagnosis 25 vs<\/jats:italic>. 51 months, respectively), and more frequently of foreign origin [odds ratio (OR<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.10\u20131.68], diagnosed with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection in the current pregnancy (OR<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.69; 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.35\u20132.11), and at their first pregnancy (OR<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.33; 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.06\u20131.66). In women with sequential pregnancies, compared with the first pregnancy, several outcomes showed a significant improvement in the second pregnancy, with a higher rate of antiretroviral treatment at conception (39.0 vs<\/jats:italic>. 65.4%, respectively), better median maternal weight at the start of pregnancy (60 vs<\/jats:italic>. 61 kg, respectively), a higher rate of end\u2010of\u2010pregnancy undetectable HIV RNA<\/jats:styled-content> (60.7 vs<\/jats:italic>. 71.6%, respectively), a higher median birth weight (2815 vs<\/jats:italic>. 2885 g, respectively), lower rates of preterm delivery (23.0 vs<\/jats:italic>. 17.7%, respectively) and of low birth weight (23.4 vs<\/jats:italic>. 15.4%, respectively), and a higher median CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 cell count (+47 cells\/\u03bcL), with almost no clinical progression to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stage C (CDC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010C) HIV<\/jats:styled-content> disease (0.3%). The second pregnancy was significantly more likely to end in voluntary termination than the first pregnancy (11.4 vs<\/jats:italic>. 6.1%, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Younger and foreign women were more likely to have a repeat pregnancy; in women with sequential pregnancies, the second pregnancy was characterized by a significant improvement in several outcomes, suggesting that women with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection who desire multiple children may proceed safely and confidently with subsequent pregnancies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,21]],"date-time":"2016-12-21T05:27:14Z","timestamp":1482298034000},"page":"440-443","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Rate, correlates and outcomes of repeat pregnancy in HIV<\/scp>\u2010infected women"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Floridia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Tamburrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Catholic University Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Masuelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Neonatology Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza Hospital and University of Turin Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Reproductive and Dentistry Science University Federico II Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Spinillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo University of Pavia Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Liuzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INMI Lazzaro Spallanzani Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Vimercati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Bari Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Alberico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo Trieste Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Maccabruni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo University of Pavia Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Pinnetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INMI Lazzaro Spallanzani Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Frisina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Neonatology Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza Hospital and University of Turin Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Dalzero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology DMSD San Paolo Hospital Medical School University of Milan Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Ravizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology DMSD San Paolo Hospital Medical School University of Milan Milan 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