{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T20:47:54Z","timestamp":1782420474149,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]],"date-time":"2018-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Mega-projects of National Science Research for the 12th Five-Year Plan","award":["2012ZX10001-006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012ZX10001-006"]}]},{"name":"China-Gates Foundation Cooperation Program"},{"name":"Innovation Team Development Program of the Ministry of Education"},{"name":"Key Laboratory Program of Liaoning Education Department","award":["LZ2014038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LZ2014038"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"Objectives<\/jats:title>The HIV<\/jats:styled-content> epidemic is worsening among men who have sex with men (MSM<\/jats:styled-content>) in China, especially among those who are younger than 25 years old [younger MSM<\/jats:styled-content> (YMSM<\/jats:styled-content>)]. The aim of the study was to compare the prevalences of HIV<\/jats:styled-content> incidence and recent HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection as well as factors associated with recent HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection in YMSM<\/jats:styled-content> and older MSM<\/jats:styled-content> (OMSM<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A multicentre cross\u2010sectional survey was conducted among 4496 MSM<\/jats:styled-content> recruited from seven Chinese cities. YMSM<\/jats:styled-content> were defined as those aged < 25 years. Data on demographics and sexual behaviours were collected using structural questionnaires. Blood samples were tested for recent HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection and other sexually transmitted infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Among the participants, 1313 were YMSM<\/jats:styled-content> and 3183 were OMSM<\/jats:styled-content>. Compared with OMSM<\/jats:styled-content>, YMSM<\/jats:styled-content> had a higher prevalence of recent HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection [5.4% (71 of 1313) for YMSM <\/jats:styled-content>vs<\/jats:italic>. 3.6% (115 of 3175) for OMSM<\/jats:styled-content>; P<\/jats:italic> = 0.006] and a higher HIV<\/jats:styled-content> incidence [11.8 per 100 person\u2010years (PY<\/jats:styled-content>) (95% confidence interval (CI<\/jats:styled-content>) 9.0\u201314.5) for YMSM <\/jats:styled-content>vs<\/jats:italic>. 7.6 per 100 PY<\/jats:styled-content> (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 6.3\u20139.0) for OMSM<\/jats:styled-content>]. The incidence increased with age among YMSM<\/jats:styled-content>, especially between the ages of 16 and 21 years. In contrast, the incidence declined with age among OMSM<\/jats:styled-content>. Anal bleeding, recreational drug use, syphilis and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102) infection were independent risk factors for recent HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection among YMSM<\/jats:styled-content>. The prevalence of all these risk factors increased with age between the ages of 16 and 21 years. Anal bleeding (19.8%) and recreational drug use (19.5%) had the highest adjusted population attributable fractions (aPAF<\/jats:styled-content>s) among YMSM<\/jats:styled-content>. The highest aPAF<\/jats:styled-content>s of anal bleeding (27.4%) and syphilis infection (25.5%) were found between the ages of 19 and 21 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>The HIV<\/jats:styled-content> incidence in Chinese YMSM<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly higher than that in OMSM<\/jats:styled-content>. YMSM<\/jats:styled-content> aged 16\u201321 years had an extremely high risk of recent HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]],"date-time":"2018-06-20T04:55:02Z","timestamp":1529470502000},"page":"513-522","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["HIV<\/scp> incidence is rapidly increasing with age among young men who have sex with men in China: a multicentre cross\u2010sectional survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"X","family":"Mao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission The First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1158-2304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Z","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Behaviors Research The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Q","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission The First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission The First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"He'nan Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hu'nan Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission The First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission The First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5333-8943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of National Health and Family Planning Commission The First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Hangzhou 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