{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T22:59:47Z","timestamp":1766530787909,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]],"date-time":"2018-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"Objectives<\/jats:title>The aim of the study was to clarify how HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection affects tuberculosis liquid and solid culture results in a resource\u2010limited setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We used baseline data from the Study on Outcomes Related to Tuberculosis and HIV<\/jats:styled-content> Drug Concentrations in Uganda (SOUTH<\/jats:styled-content>), which included 268 HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\/tuberculosis (TB<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010coinfected individuals. Culture results from L\u00f6wenstein\u2013Jensen (LJ<\/jats:styled-content>) solid culture and mycobacteria growth indicator tube (MGIT<\/jats:styled-content>) liquid culture systems and culture\u2010based correlates for bacillary density from the sputum of HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\/TB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010coinfected individuals at baseline were analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Of 268 participants, 243 had a CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 cell count available and were included in this analysis; 72.2% of cultures showed growth on solid culture and 82.2% in liquid culture systems (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.015). A higher CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 cell count was predictive of LJ<\/jats:styled-content> positivity [adjusted odds ratio (OR<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.03\u20131.25 per 50\u00a0cells\/\u03bc<\/jats:italic>L increase; P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.008]. The same, but insignificant trend was observed for MGIT<\/jats:styled-content> positivity (adjusted OR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.09; 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.99\u20131.211 per 50\u00a0cells\/\u03bc<\/jats:italic>L increase; P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.094). A higher CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 cell count was associated with a higher LJ<\/jats:styled-content> colony\u2010forming unit grade (adjusted OR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.14; 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.05\u20131.25 per 50 cells\/\u03bc<\/jats:italic>L increase; P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.011) and a shorter time to MGIT<\/jats:styled-content> positivity [adjusted hazard ratio (HR<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.08; 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.04\u20131.12 per 50 cells\/\u03bc<\/jats:italic>L increase; P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001].<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>In a resource\u2010limited setting, the MGIT<\/jats:styled-content> liquid culture system outperformed LJ<\/jats:styled-content> solid culture in terms of culture yield and dependence on CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 cell counts in HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\/TB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010coinfected individuals. We therefore suggest considering an adaptation of diagnostic algorithms: when resources allow only one culture method to be performed, we recommend that MGIT<\/jats:styled-content> liquid culture should be used exclusively in HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010positive individuals as a first\u2010line culture method, to reduce costs and make TB<\/jats:styled-content> culture results accessible to more patients in resource\u2010limited settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]],"date-time":"2018-07-04T03:33:34Z","timestamp":1530675214000},"page":"654-661","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Comparison of L\u00f6wenstein\u2013Jensen and BACTEC MGIT<\/scp> 960 culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i> in people living with HIV<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0844-4231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J","family":"Hongler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Musaazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Ledergerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Eberhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Sekaggya\u2010Wiltshire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PM","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and National Centre for Mycobacteria University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Fehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Castelnuovo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation.Global tuberculosis report 2016 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60284-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009611"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(02)01582-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20100090"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.95.6.1190"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/651119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0962-8479(93)90010-U"},{"volume-title":"Policy Update: Xpert MTB\/RIF Assay for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary TB in Adults and Children","year":"2011","key":"e_1_2_12_10_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(13)70119-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70043-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-014679"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.4.16141","article-title":"This official statement of the American Thoracic Society and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was adopted by the ATS Board of Directors, July 1999. 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