{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:32:31Z","timestamp":1785414751821,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]],"date-time":"2019-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"Objectives<\/jats:title>The aim of the study was to investigate the extent of and factors associated with incorrect dosing of antiretroviral therapy (ART<\/jats:styled-content>) in HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected children in Harare, Zimbabwe.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>All children aged 0\u201310\u00a0years and children aged 11\u201317\u00a0years who weighed < 35\u00a0kg and taking ART<\/jats:styled-content> were recruited from the paediatric HIV<\/jats:styled-content> clinic at Harare Hospital. Their current doses of ART<\/jats:styled-content> drugs were compared against doses recommended by the national guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Among 309 children recruited [55% male; median age 7\u00a0years (interquartile range (IQR<\/jats:styled-content>) 5\u201310 years)], the median CD4 count was 899\u00a0cells\/\u03bcL and the median duration of their current ART<\/jats:styled-content> regimen was 11.2\u00a0months (IQR<\/jats:styled-content> 4.9\u201317.1 months). Overall, 110 (35.6%) children were prescribed incorrect doses of at least one drug component within their ART<\/jats:styled-content> regimen; 64 (20.7%) under\u2010dosed and 49 (15.9%) over\u2010dosed on at least one drug. Children receiving a higher than recommended dose of at least one drug were younger compared with correctly dosed children (median 6 versus 7\u00a0years, respectively; P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001), had been on their current ART<\/jats:styled-content> regimen for a shorter time (median 7.2 versus 13\u00a0months, respectively; P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003) and were less likely to be receiving a three\u2010drug fixed\u2010dose combination (FDC<\/jats:styled-content>; 42.9 versus 63.3%, respectively; P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.009). Those who were under\u2010dosed were also less likely to be on a three\u2010drug FDC<\/jats:styled-content> (25 versus 63.3%, respectively; P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Over a third of children were prescribed incorrect doses of ART<\/jats:styled-content>. Children taking triple\u2010drug FDC<\/jats:styled-content>s were likely to be correctly dosed. Our study highlights the importance of weight monitoring at each clinical contact, training of health care providers on paediatric drug dosing and the need for wider availability of FDC<\/jats:styled-content>s for children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]],"date-time":"2019-01-11T10:32:52Z","timestamp":1547202772000},"page":"248-253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Evaluation of weight\u2010based prescription of antiretroviral therapy in children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8965-4400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S","family":"Dakshina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute Harare Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ID","family":"Olaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute Harare Zimbabwe"},{"name":"Clinical Research Department London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"},{"name":"Interactive Research and Development Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Raman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute Harare Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"McHugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute Harare Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Bwakura\u2013Dangarembizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health College of Health Sciences University of Zimbabwe Harare Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Nathoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health College of Health Sciences University of Zimbabwe Harare Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Munyati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute Harare Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Mujuru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health College of Health Sciences University of Zimbabwe Harare Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RA","family":"Ferrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute Harare Zimbabwe"},{"name":"Clinical Research Department London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"Global HIV &AIDS statistics \u2014 2018 fact sheet.UNAIDS. Available athttp:\/\/www.unaids.org\/en\/resources\/fact-sheet(accessed 29 October 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000201"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200241140-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic targets of antiretroviral therapy in children and adolescents","volume":"2","author":"Neely MN","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr Neonat Individual Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e3181dca14b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000195619.76277.3f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","volume-title":"Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection: Recommendations for a Public Health Approach","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","volume-title":"Guidelines for Antiretroviral Therapy for the Prevention and Treatment of HIV in Zimbabwe","author":"The National Medicine and Therapeutics Policy Advisory Committee and The AIDS and TB Directorate, Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7551.1183"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/497835"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32835f1db0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62187-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP2973"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"249","article-title":"The long\u2010term effectiveness of generic adult fixed\u2010dose combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV\u2010infected Ugandan children","volume":"12","author":"Barlow\u2010Mosha LN","year":"2012","journal-title":"Afr Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000247117.66585.ce"}],"container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fhiv.12702","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hiv.12702","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/hiv.12702","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hiv.12702","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T12:46:27Z","timestamp":1694004387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hiv.12702"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hiv.12702"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hiv.12702","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-2662","1468-1293"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-2662","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1293","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-11-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-01-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}