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Specifically, little is known regarding the interaction of the effects of aging, baseline renal impairment, and stages of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection on post\u2010treatment changes in renal function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This analysis included 5533 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected patients on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">cART<\/jats:styled-content> in 2004\u20132016. Progression to chronic kidney disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CKD<\/jats:styled-content>) was defined as either two consecutive estimated glomerular filtration rate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>) measurements\u00a0&lt;\u00a060\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> for baseline <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2265\u00a060\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (mild renal impairment or normal renal function) or a 25% decline for baseline <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0&lt;\u00a060\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (moderate renal impairment).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During follow\u2010up (median 4.8\u00a0years), 130 (2.3%) of the patients progressed to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CKD<\/jats:styled-content>. A total of 20.1% of patients with baseline normal renal function progressed to mild renal impairment, while 74.0% of patients with baseline mild or moderate renal impairment improved to normal renal function. In multivariable analysis, a significant positive baseline\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010by\u2010World Health Organization (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010stage interaction effect on progression to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CKD<\/jats:styled-content> in all patients was identified, indicating a cross\u2010over effect from a reduced risk to an increased risk. A significant negative baseline\u2010age\u2010by\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010stage interaction effect on progression to mild renal impairment in patients with baseline normal renal function was identified, with adjusted hazard ratios progressively lower at older ages. In addition, there were significant associations with older age, lower baseline <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>, Dai ethnic minority, and anaemia for both outcomes, hyperglycaemia for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CKD<\/jats:styled-content> only, and higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 count, tenofovir and ritonavir\u2010boosted lopinavir use for mild renal impairment only.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data suggest a complex pattern of renal function dynamics in patients on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">cART<\/jats:styled-content>, which requires precise management with systematic monitoring of the interaction of the effects of sociodemographic, nephrological and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010specific clinical characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,5]],"date-time":"2019-07-05T11:08:55Z","timestamp":1562324935000},"page":"591-600","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effects of aging, baseline renal function and stage of <scp>HIV<\/scp> infection on post\u2010treatment changes in renal function among <scp>HIV<\/scp>\u2010infected patients: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6533-8035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health Fudan University Shanghai 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