{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T06:27:36Z","timestamp":1781072856728,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,19]],"date-time":"2019-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to determine the evolution of renal function in patients receiving one or two inhibitors, according to different baseline factors. Some antiretroviral drugs such as rilpivirine (RPV), dolutegravir (DTG), or cobicistat (COBI), interact with the tubular secretion of creatinine, but there are no data about their impact in renal function evaluation in patients with renal disease or when these drugs are used concomitantly.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective cohort study was carried out in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected patients who switched to a dual regimen including <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DTG<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> RPV<\/jats:styled-content> or darunavir\/COBI, separately or in combination. The primary endpoint was the evolution of the serum creatinine\u2010based estimated glomerular filtration rate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010scr). A control group not receiving any transporter inhibitor was included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 288 patients on different dual regimens were included (DTG\u00a0+\u00a0RPV, 92; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DTG<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0+\u00a0darunavir\/COBI, 23; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DTG<\/jats:styled-content>, 26; COBI, 19; control group, 128). In patients receiving two transporter inhibitors, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010scr decreased by a mean of \u22128.4\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, similar to that observed with the separate use of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DTG<\/jats:styled-content> or COBI (mean of both groups, \u22128.6\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), while <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010scr improved in the control group. Similar evolution of proteinuria and tubular dysfunction was observed in all the groups, and there were no significant changes in the cystatin C\u2010based <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>. Mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010scr change inversely correlated with baseline <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010scr value (<jats:italic>r\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\u22120.39; <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.01), with a lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010scr decrease in patients with chronic kidney disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Similar <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010scr decreases were observed in patients using different antiretroviral drugs inhibiting the tubular transport of creatinine, separately or in combination, with no alterations in proteinuria or cystatin C\u2010based <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>. The lack of additional changes when the drugs were used in combination, and the lower impact in cases of previous chronic kidney disease, suggest that there are compensatory mechanisms for creatinine secretion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12784","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,19]],"date-time":"2019-07-19T07:36:42Z","timestamp":1563521802000},"page":"648-656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Evaluation of kidney function in <scp>HIV<\/scp>\u2010infected patients receiving an antiretroviral regimen containing one or two inhibitors of the tubular secretion of creatinine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7639-8591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"JL","family":"Casado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Ramon y Cajal Hospital Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Monsalvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Ramon y Cajal Hospital Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8553-6995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P","family":"Vizcarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Ramon y Cajal Hospital Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Fontecha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Ramon y Cajal Hospital Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Serrano\u2010Villar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Ramon y Cajal Hospital Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2843-1094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Ramon y Cajal Hospital Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3280f774ee"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"199","article-title":"Renal tubular transporter\u2010mediated interactions of HIV drugs: implications for patient management","volume":"16","author":"Gutierrez F","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","article-title":"Does an increase in serum creatinine always reflect renal injury? 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