{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:51:12Z","timestamp":1790704272716,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]],"date-time":"2019-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to compare risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in women living with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WLWH<\/jats:styled-content>) with those in women of the general population (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WGP<\/jats:styled-content>) in Denmark. Further, we estimated risk of pregnancy\u2010 or birth\u2010related complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective cohort study including all <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WLWH<\/jats:styled-content> who delivered a live\u2010born child from 2002 to 2014 and WGP, matched by origin, age, year and parity, was carried out. We compared risk factors during pregnancy and estimated risk of pregnancy\u2010 and birth\u2010related complications using multivariate logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 2334 pregnancies in 304 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WLWH<\/jats:styled-content> and 1945 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WGP<\/jats:styled-content> were included in the study. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WLWH<\/jats:styled-content> had more risk factors present than WGP during pregnancy: previous caesarean section (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CS<\/jats:styled-content>) (24.7% versus 16.3%, respectively; <jats:italic>P\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0001), smoking (14.2% versus 7.5%, respectively; <jats:italic>P\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0001) and previous perinatal\/neonatal death (2.3% versus 0.9%, respectively; <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.03). We found no difference between groups regarding gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, low birth weights or premature delivery. More children of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WLWH<\/jats:styled-content> had intrauterine growth retardation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content>) [adjusted odds ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.9; 95% confidence interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.1\u20133.2; <jats:italic>P\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.02]. Median gestational age and birth weight were lower in children born to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WLWH<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WLWH<\/jats:styled-content> had a higher risk of emergency <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CS<\/jats:styled-content> (Em<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CS<\/jats:styled-content>) (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.6; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.2\u20132.1; <jats:italic>P\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0005) and postpartum haemorrhage (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.4; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.0\u20131.9; <jats:italic>P\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.02) but not infection, amniotomy, failure to progress, low activity\u2010pulse\u2010grimace\u2010appearance\u2010respiration (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APGAR<\/jats:styled-content>) score or signs of asphyxia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WLWH<\/jats:styled-content> had more risk factors present during pregnancy, similar risks of most pregnancy\u2010 and birth\u2010related complications but a higher risk of postpartum haemorrhage and Em<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CS<\/jats:styled-content> compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WGP<\/jats:styled-content>. Children born to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WLWH<\/jats:styled-content> had lower median birth weights and gestational ages and were at higher risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]],"date-time":"2019-10-11T16:25:31Z","timestamp":1570811131000},"page":"84-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Risk factors during pregnancy and birth\u2010related complications in <scp>HIV<\/scp>\u2010positive versus <scp>HIV<\/scp>\u2010negative women in Denmark, 2002\u20132014"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0737-8076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M","family":"\u00d8rb\u00e6k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre 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