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In the early years of the epidemic,management was focussed on acute, potentially life\u2010threatening AIDS\u2010related complications. From initial monotherapy with first\u2010generation antiretroviral therapy (ART), the development of combination highly active ART (HAART) allowed HIV control but ART toxicities, treatment adherence and drug resistance emerged as major issues. Today, the availability of potent and tolerable ART has made viral suppression achievable in most people living with HIV (PLHIV), and clinicians are confronted with managing a chronic condition among an ageing population. The combination of diseases of ageing and the co\u2010morbidities associated with HIV\u2010infection, even when well controlled, results in a complex set of challenges for many older PLHIV. There is a growing appreciation that many non\u2010AIDS\u2010related co\u2010morbidities are caused, at least in part, by persistent, low\u2010grade immune activation, inflammation, and hypercoagulability, despite suppressive ART.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In order to further improve HIV management, it is important to understand the enduring effects of chronically suppressed HIV infection, the potential contribution of these factors to the ageing process, the possibility of drug resistance, and the impact of different treatment strategies, including early ART initiation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T20:16:16Z","timestamp":1602015376000},"page":"2-16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Managing HIV\u2010associated inflammation and ageing in the era of modern ART"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1143-5013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M","family":"Bloch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Holdsworth House Medical Practice  Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Royal Perth Hospital  Perth WA Australia"},{"name":"Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease  Perth WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Community Medicine University of New South Wales  Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"The Albion Centre  Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"TA","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Vic. 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