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The present study aimed to identify predictors of in\u2010hospital mortality among HIV\u2010positive patients presenting to an emergency department (ED).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cross\u2010sectional study, HIV\u2010positive patients presenting to the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital adult ED between 07 July 2017 and 18 October 2018 were prospectively enrolled. Data were compared between participants who survived to hospital discharge and those who died. The data were further subjected to univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to determine variables that were associated with in\u2010hospital mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of a total of 1224 participants, the in\u2010hospital mortality was 13.6% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0166). On multivariate analysis, respiratory rate &gt;\u00a020 breaths\/min [odds ratio (OR) = 1.90, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.012], creatinine &gt;\u00a0120\u00a0\u03bcmol\/L (OR = 1.97, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.006), oxygen saturation &lt;\u00a090% (OR = 2.09, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.011), white cell count &lt;\u00a04.0\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\/L (OR = 2.09, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.008), ART non\u2010adherence or not yet on ART (OR = 2.39, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.012), Glasgow Coma Scale &lt;\u00a015 (OR = 2.53, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.000), albumin &lt;\u00a035\u00a0g\/L (OR = 2.61, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002), lactate &gt;\u00a02\u00a0mmol\/L (OR = 4.83, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.000) and cryptococcal meningitis (OR = 6.78, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.000) were significantly associated with in\u2010hospital mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Routine clinical and laboratory parameters are useful predictors of in\u2010hospital mortality in HIV\u2010positive patients presenting to the ED with an acute illness. These parameters may be of value in guiding clinical decision\u2010making, directing the appropriate use of resources and influencing patient disposition, and may also be useful in developing an outcome prediction tool.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T02:38:05Z","timestamp":1617244685000},"page":"557-566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Predictors of in\u2010hospital mortality among HIV\u2010positive patients presenting with an acute illness to the emergency department"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3306-7389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"AE","family":"Laher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Paruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"WDF","family":"Venter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ezintsha Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"OA","family":"Ayeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAMRC\/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"GA","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"UNAIDS Data 2020 [Internet]. 2020; Available athttps:\/\/www.unaids.org\/sites\/default\/files\/media_asset\/2020_aids\u2010data\u2010book_en.pdf(accessed 21 August 2020)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"Top 10 leading causes of death in the world from 1990\u20102019 complete ranking [Internet]. 2019; Available athttps:\/\/www.bing.com\/videos\/search?q=leading+cause+of+death+worldwide+2019&docid=608033508130949205&mid=D553A993D4D1E69E2E87D553A993D4D1E69E2E87&view=detail&FORM=VIRE(accessed 8 October 2020)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"Global information and education on HIV and AIDS \u2010 HIV and AIDS in South Africa [Internet]. 2020; Available athttps:\/\/www.avert.org\/professionals\/hiv\u2010around\u2010world\/sub\u2010saharan\u2010africa\/south\u2010africa(accessed 8 October 2020)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"Stats SA statistical release P0309.3 \u2010 Mortality and causes of death in South Africa: Findings from death notification 2017 [Internet]. 2020; Available athttp:\/\/www.statssa.gov.za\/publications\/P03093\/P030932017.pdf(accessed 8 October 2020)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"World Bank \u2010 Data country profile: South Africa [Internet]. 2019; Available athttps:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/views\/reports\/reportwidget.aspx?Report_Name=CountryProfile&Id=b450fd57&tbar=y&dd=y&inf=n&zm=n&country=ZAF(accessed 8 October 2020)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czm023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph6082113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12834"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"1120","article-title":"Trends in CD4 count at presentation to care and treatment initiation in Sub\u2010Saharan Africa, 2002\u20132013: a Meta\u2010analysis","volume":"60","author":"Siedner MJ","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-015-0320-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00232.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/088922201750063106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2007.051177"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120050042891"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","unstructured":"qSOFA \u2010 quick Sepsis Related Organ Failure Assessment [Internet]. 2016. 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