{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T03:08:46Z","timestamp":1782443326654,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the present study was too investigate prevalence and persistence of human papilloma virus (HPV) and cytological abnormalities (CAs) in the anal swabs of people living with HIV (PLWH): men who have sex with men (MSM), men who have sex with women (MSW) and women (W).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between March 2010 and January 2019, an anal swab for cytological and HPV genotyping tests was offered to all PLWH attending our clinic. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify predictors of infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In all, 354 PLWH were screened: 174 MSM, 90 MSW and 61 W. Prevalence of at least one high\u2010risk (HR) HPV was higher in MSM (91%) and W (85%) than in MSW (77%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Cytological abnormalities were found in 21.1% of the entire population. At multivariable regression analysis a lower risk for HPV infection was found for W than for MSM [odds ratio = 0.24 (95% confidence interval: 0.115\u20130.513)] and for MSW than for MSM [0.37 (0.180\u20130.773)] and there was a significantly higher risk of CAs in PLWH with HPV 16 and 18 [3.3 (1.04\u201310.49)]. A total of 175 PLWH (103\u00a0MSM, 33\u00a0MSW and 26\u00a0W) had at least one follow\u2010up visit (T1) after a median (interquartile range) follow\u2010up of 3.6\u00a0(2.1\u20135.7) years. The acquisition rate of HR\u2010HPV was high, with 66.7% of PLWH negative for HR\u2010HPV at T0 who became positive at T1 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). The prevalence of CAs was stable (20.6%). A significant association between CAs at T1 and persistence of HPV\u201016 and\/or 18 was found (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>HPV 16 and 18 are associated with the presence and development of CAs irrespective of sexual orientation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T19:30:19Z","timestamp":1626982219000},"page":"860-866","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["HPV 16 and 18 contribute to development of anal dysplasia in HIV infection irrespective of gender and sexual orientation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7608-6045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Squillace","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit 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