{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T04:39:55Z","timestamp":1789792795418,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to describe time trends in cancer incidence in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Australia between 1982 and 2012.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A population\u2010based prospective study was conducted using data linkage between the national HIV and cancer registries. Invasive cancers identified in PLHIV were grouped into AIDS\u2010defining cancers (ADCs), infection\u2010related non\u2010ADCs (NADCs), and non\u2010infection\u2010related NADCs. Crude and age\u2010standardized incidence rates of cancers were calculated and compared over five time periods: 1982\u20131995, 1996\u20131999, 2000\u20132004, 2005\u20132008 and 2009\u20132012, roughly reflecting advances in HIV antiretroviral therapy. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) compared with the Australian general population were calculated for each time period. Generalized linear models were developed to assess time trends in crude and age\u2010standardized incidences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For ADCs, the crude and age\u2010standardized incidences of Kaposi sarcoma and non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma substantially declined over time (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010trend &lt;\u00a00.001 for all) but SIRs remained significantly elevated. For infection\u2010related NADCs, there were significant increases in the crude incidences of anal, liver and head and neck cancers. Age\u2010standardized incidences increased for anal cancer (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010trend = 0.002) and liver cancer (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010trend &lt;\u00a00.001). SIRs were significantly elevated for anal cancer, liver cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma. For non\u2010infection\u2010related NADCs, the crude incidence of colorectal, lung and prostate cancers increased over time, but age\u2010standardized incidences remained stable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Continuous improvements and high coverage of antiretroviral therapy have reduced the incidence of ADCs in PLHIV in Australia. Clinical monitoring of anal and liver cancers in people living with HIV should be performed, given the increasing incidence of these cancers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T03:19:50Z","timestamp":1632885590000},"page":"134-145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Time trends in cancer incidence in Australian people living with HIV between 1982 and 2012"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8206-4101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian K. 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