{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T16:02:45Z","timestamp":1782230565344,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Menopause contributes to weight gain in women. We explored factors associated with obesity in women with HIV aged 45\u201360 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study is an analysis of cross\u2010sectional questionnaire and clinic data from the Positive Transitions Through the Menopause (PRIME) Study. We categorized body mass index (BMI) as normal\/underweight (&lt;\u00a025\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), overweight (25\u201329.9\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and obese (&gt;\u00a030\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). We used logistic regression to explore demographic, social, lifestyle and clinical factors associated with BMI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 396 women in this analysis. Median age was 49\u00a0years [interquartile range (IQR): 47\u201352]. Most (83.6%) were not UK\u2010born; the majority (69.4%) were black African (BA). Median (IQR) BMI was 28.6 (24.6\u201332.6) kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; and 110 (27.8%), 127 (32.1%) and 159 (40.1%) of the women were normal\/underweight, overweight and obese, respectively. Median (IQR) BMI did not differ in pre\u2010, peri\u2010 and post\u2010menopausal women (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.90). In univariable analysis, being non\u2010UK\u2010born was associated with BMI &gt;\u00a030\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> [odds ratio (OR) = 1.94, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07\u20133.53]. Compared with BA women, women of other black ethnicities were more likely to be obese (OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.02\u20135.50) whereas white British women were less likely to be obese (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.17\u20130.68). Current smoking and increasing number of comorbid conditions were associated with increased BMI. We found no association between obesity and socioeconomic status. On multivariable analysis, only ethnicity remained associated with obesity (compared with BA: white British, OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.17\u20130.68; other black, OR = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.07\u20135.82).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nearly two\u2010fifths of women had BMI\u00a0&gt;\u00a030\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. Obesity was associated with black ethnicities but not with menopausal status. The combination of obesity and HIV may place women at increased risk of co\u2010morbidities, requiring tailored and culturally appropriate interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T09:43:20Z","timestamp":1645177400000},"page":"371-377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Obesity in women living with HIV aged 45\u201360 in England: An analysis of the PRIME study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9166-7040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asma N.","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Mortimer Market Centre Central North West London NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0549-4914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hajra","family":"Okhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Health Protection Research Unit in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5173-2760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline A.","family":"Sabin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Health Protection Research Unit in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5902-8011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorraine","family":"Sherr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5358-7894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Haag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3230-758X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rageshri","family":"Dhairyawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barts Health NHS Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Blizard Institute Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9572-193X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Gilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Mortimer Market Centre Central North West London NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9105-2441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fiona","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Pettitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Positively UK, London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9802-7727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shema","family":"Tariq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Mortimer Market Centre Central North West London NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation Factsheet on Obesity and Overweight 2020. 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