{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T02:56:33Z","timestamp":1791428193491,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,6]],"date-time":"2022-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003035","name":"Aase og Ejnar Danielsens Fond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens during pregnancy among women living with HIV (WLWH) in Denmark and to examine the association between ART use in pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A population\u2010based cohort study including all pregnancies among WLWH in Denmark between 2000 and 2019. Data were collected through national registries. Temporal trends of ART use in pregnancy were evaluated. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of ART use in pregnancy and other risk factors with adverse birth outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 589 pregnancies were included. Combination treatment with a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) and a protease inhibitor (PI) was the most common ART regimen (96%). ART regimen, PI use in pregnancy and timing of ART initiation were not significantly associated with increased odds of preterm birth, small for gestational age or low birth weight. First\u2010trimester initiation of ART was\u00a0significantly associated with increased odds of intrauterine growth restriction in the multivariate analysis [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23\u201311.59], while first trimester PI use was associated with increased odds of IUGR in the univariate analysis only [OR = 3.24, 95% CI: 1.13\u20139.30]. Smoking, comorbidity,\u00a0and maternal HIV RNA\u00a0\u2265\u00a050 copies\/mL were independently associated with increased odds of adverse birth outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant WLWH living in Denmark are generally well treated with HIV RNA &lt;\u00a050 copies\/mL at delivery and NRTI\u00a0+\u00a0PI as the most common ART regimen used in pregnancy. Initiation of ART in the first trimester may be associated with poor fetal growth. The association between ART use in pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes may partly\u00a0be explained by maternal risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T06:45:39Z","timestamp":1649313939000},"page":"1007-1018","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Use of antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy and association with birth outcome among women living with HIV in Denmark: A nationwide, population\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7195-8641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellen","family":"Moseholm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Copenhagen University Hospital  Hvidovre Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2233-500X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Terese Lea","family":"Katzenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gitte","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2189-9823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isik Somuncu","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Odense University Hospital  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa Skyggelund","family":"Wienecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Midwifery Programme University College Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6110-5963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merete","family":"Storgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5031-0045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels","family":"Obel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3133-2724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Weis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Copenhagen University Hospital  Hvidovre Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation.Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing Hiv infection: recommendations for a public health approach. 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