{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T07:06:57Z","timestamp":1791875217848,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hepatitis C virus (HCV)\/HIV co\u2010infection has been identified as a risk for impaired CD4+ T\u2010cell recovery, possibly mediated by HCV\u2010induced liver fibrosis and\/or immune activation. As HCV direct\u2010acting antivirals (DAAs) may partially reverse liver fibrosis and immune activation, sustained HCV virological response (SVR) may lead to improved CD4 recovery. We explored the effect of HCV DAA\u2010induced SVR on CD4 recovery among patients living with both HCV and HIV, including those with poor CD4 recovery on antiretroviral therapy (immunological non\u2010responders [INRs]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subjects aged \u226518\u2009years living with both HIV and HCV who achieved SVR with DAA were included. Pre\u2010DAA CD4 counts were included only after sustained HIV viral suppression and HIV viral suppression was maintained for the duration of the study. Segmented regression of interrupted time series analysis was used to evaluate changes in median CD4 count in the pre\u2010DAA period (\u221236\u2009months) versus the post\u2010DAA period (+36\u2009months).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 156 patients were included. In the full cohort, median CD4 counts increased by 15% (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002) in the 6\u2010month period following DAA initiation, whereafter CD4 counts decreased by 2.7% per 6\u2010month period (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004). Among the 13 INRs, there was no immediate effect on median CD4 in the first 6\u2009months after DAA initiation, whereafter there was a sustained CD4 increase (4.1% per 6\u2010month time interval [\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02]). In total, 54% of INRs recorded a post\u2010DAA CD4 count of &gt;350 cells\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Successful DAA therapy induced a modest immediate CD4 immunological reconstitution among this cohort of patients living with both HIV and HCV, although this effect waned with time. By contrast, among INRs, achieving HCV SVR led to slower but sustained CD4 count recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]],"date-time":"2024-01-26T01:20:00Z","timestamp":1706232000000},"page":"622-627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["CD4+ T\u2010cell recovery in HIV\/hepatitis C co\u2010infected patients following successful hepatitis C treatment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3261-021X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Ryscavage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siham","family":"Hussien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland Medical Center, Midtown Campus  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunuk","family":"Seung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Pharmacy  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Hynicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Pharmacy  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.4MR1019-189R"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy176"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328337b957"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/651689"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462414553826"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/695852"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12465"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa714"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis294"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2021.0027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.11055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.09.065"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.726419"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2021.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-019-09941-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"Data Methodology and Measurement.https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople\/objectives-and-data\/browse-objectives\/sexually-transmitted-infections\/increase-viral-suppression-hiv-05\/data-methodology. Accessed October 2 2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0903175"}],"container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hiv.13612","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]],"date-time":"2024-05-08T01:46:39Z","timestamp":1715132799000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hiv.13612"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hiv.13612"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hiv.13612","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-2662","1468-1293"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-2662","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1293","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}