{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T22:32:52Z","timestamp":1792276372949,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IN\u2010DE\u2010987\u20104637"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN\u2010DE\u2010987\u20104637"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Direct\u2010acting antivirals (DAAs) are key to eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV). In men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV co\u2010infection, recently acquired HCV infection is common. Sexual practices and reinfection rates may hamper micro\u2010elimination despite high treatment rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cohort included MSM with recently acquired HCV infection from 2014 to 2021. The patients' demographic, clinical, behavioural, and laboratory data and treatment and reinfection outcomes were documented.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 237 men with recently acquired HCV infection were included: 216 (91%) had HIV. The median age was 46\u2009years (interquartile range [IQR] 39\u201352), and the median CD4 count was 660\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> (IQR 527\u2013835).<\/jats:p><jats:p>The annual incidence of recently acquired HCV remained between 0.28% and 0.43% but dropped to 0.02% in 2021 during the COVID pandemic, almost reaching micro\u2010elimination. The reinfection incidence was 15.5 per 100 patient\u2010years (95% confidence interval 12.6\u201318.8), and reinfection was associated with the use of crystal methamphetamine (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032) and ketamine (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.042). In total, 31.3% had multiple reinfections, and four reinfections occurred in users of pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>High treatment and cure rates did not lead to HCV elimination. A change in sexual behaviour, potentially imposed by COVID\u201019 restrictions, led to micro\u2010elimination in the NoCo cohort. As recently acquired HCV is prevalent in MSM with and without HIV, surveillance is necessary to consolidate elimination goals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T07:55:44Z","timestamp":1717055744000},"page":"967-975","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Recently acquired <scp>HCV<\/scp> infection in men who have sex with men in Germany in the direct\u2010acting antivirals era and during the <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Patrick","family":"Ingiliz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ZIBP  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"APHP Henri\u2010Mondor University Hospital, INSERM U955  Cr\u00e9teil France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Lutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infektiologikum  Frankfurt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Knud","family":"Schewe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICH Study Center  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Baumgarten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ZIBP  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivanka","family":"Krznaric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ZIBP  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Mauss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for HIV and Hepatogastroenterology  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centrum f\u00fcr Interdisziplin\u00e4re Medizin  M\u00fcnster Germany"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases University Hospital M\u00fcnster  M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Bickel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infektiologikum  Frankfurt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel J.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8125-5392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Sabranski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICH Study Center  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Research Center, University of California San Diego  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Research Center, University of California San Diego  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nastasha K.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health University of California San Diego  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen K.","family":"Rockstroh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine I University of Bonn  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner\u2010site Cologne\u2010Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Boesecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine I University of Bonn  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner\u2010site Cologne\u2010Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Global Health Strategy on Viral Hepatitis 2016\u20132021","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"BlachS.Updated evaluation of global progress towards HBV and HCV elimination preliminary data through 2021. Paper presented at: The Liver Meeting 2022: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD); Abstract 45 November 7 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13680"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1666841"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352\u20103018(22)00077\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(20)30301-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac273"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.38.2001321"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0267853"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13657"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","article-title":"Sch\u00e4tzung der Anzahl von HIV\u2010Neuinfektionen im Jahr 2021 und der Gesamtzahl von Menschen, die Ende 2021 mit HIV in Deutschland leben","volume":"47","author":"Marcus U","year":"2022","journal-title":"Epidemiologisches Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix1004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy547"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.04.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac680"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2020-054756"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000003153"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac459"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.45424"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz367"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy585"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002622"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz949"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06003-z"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of hepatitis C virus infection in men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis. 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