{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:12:28Z","timestamp":1784257948538,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although sex hormones are recognized to induce immune variations, the effect of hormonal therapy use on immunity is only poorly understood. Here, we quantified how hormonal therapy use affects HIV\u20101 immune markers in cis women (CW) and trans women and non\u2010binary people (TNBP) with HIV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We considered CD4, CD8 and lymphocyte measurements from cis men (CM), CW and TNBP in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. We modelled HIV\u20101 markers using linear mixed\u2010effects models with an interaction between \u2018gender\u2019 (CW, TNBP) and \u2018hormonal therapy use\u2019 (yes\/no). Models were adjusted on age, ethnicity, education level, time since start of antiretroviral therapy and use of intravenous drugs. We assessed the inflammatory effect of hormonal therapy use in 31 TNBP using serum proteomics measurements of 92 inflammation markers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 54\u2009083 measurements from 3092 CW and 83 TNBP, and 147\u2009230 measurements from 8611 CM. Hormonal therapy use increased CD4 count and CD4:CD8 ratio in TNBP more than in CW (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.02 and 0.007, respectively). TNBP with hormonal therapy use had significantly higher CD4 counts [median\u2009=\u2009772 cells\/\u03bcL, interquartile range (IQR):\u2009520\u20131006] than without (617 cells\/\u03bcL, 426\u2013892). This was similar to the effect of CW versus CM on CD4 T cells. Hormonal therapy use did not affect serum protein concentrations in TNBP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study highlights the potential role of hormonal therapy use in modulating the immune system among other biological and social factors, especially in TNBP with HIV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T00:03:31Z","timestamp":1717459411000},"page":"1112-1124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of hormonal therapy on <scp>HIV<\/scp>\u20101 immune markers in cis women and gender minorities"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8730-790X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Pasin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Virology University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Collegium Helveticum  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David Garcia","family":"Nu\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gender Variance, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery University Hospital Basel  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4638-1940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Kusejko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Virology University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9308-7130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Hachfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases University Hospital Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Buvelot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Geneva University Hospitals  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0933-7833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Cavassini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Lausanne University Hospital  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4686-4632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauro","family":"Damonti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases University Hospital Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Division of Infectious Diseases Regional Hospital Lugano  Lugano Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Fux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Hygiene Kantonsspital Aarau  Aarau Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5737-3586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bego\u00f1a Martinez","family":"de Tejada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics University Hospitals of Geneva and Faculty of Medicine  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4821-9995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Notter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen  St. Gallen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1013-876X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Trkola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Virology University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1142-6723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huldrych F.","family":"G\u00fcnthard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Virology University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9337-900X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karoline","family":"Aebi\u2010Popp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases University Hospital Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9220-8348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roger D.","family":"Kouyos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Virology University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5566-8628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene A.","family":"Abela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Virology University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Swiss HIV Cohort Study","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cophys.2018.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-100616-060718"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.90"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70049-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-018-00728-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2013.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.221628"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01931"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02279"},{"issue":"1076","key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"444089","article-title":"Editorial: Sex hormones and gender differences in immune responses","volume":"10","author":"Ortona E","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-010-8203-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1321060111"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-018-0704-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200209010-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir484"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103083441003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/341249"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000226789.51992.3f"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00758-20"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10884-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy617"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab873"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1803468115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-018-0383-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001778"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)71052-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsrh-2019-200509"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31288-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32835bb672"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2015.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70315-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001087"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab628"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.19.3.20774"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2018-053570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix990"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2018.0005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.19.3.20810"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2055-6640(20)30475-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2017.0057"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7573\/dic.2020-5-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyab141"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","unstructured":"Olink Inflammation2019Available from:https:\/\/www.olink.com\/content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Olink-Inflammation-Validation-Data-v3.0.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-015-1273-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2005.062745"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002542"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.4.6562"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13255"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.909789"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.125"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1400476111"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2019.0013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8639263"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvab011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-020-01655-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181ca48bf"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-014-0530-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002227"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-014-0220-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab404"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000003158"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2009.01.009"}],"container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hiv.13677","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T00:44:42Z","timestamp":1728261882000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hiv.13677"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hiv.13677"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hiv.13677","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-2662","1468-1293"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-2662","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1293","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}