{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:54:21Z","timestamp":1792194861749,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01AI157849"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AI157849"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01AA026230"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01AA026230"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite recognition that people with HIV (PWH) are more vulnerable to sleep issues, there is limited understanding of clinically recognized sleep disorders in this population. Our objective was to evaluate the full spectrum of sleep disorder types diagnosed among PWH in care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of PWH, and a comparator group of people without HIV (PWoH), in a large healthcare system. The incidence of clinically diagnosed sleep disorders was calculated using Poisson regression for three outcomes: any type of sleep disorder, insomnia, and sleep apnea. Incidence was compared between PWH and PWoH by computing the adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR), accounting for sleep disorder risk factors. Comparisons to PWoH were made for all PWH combined, then with PWH stratified by HIV management status (well\u2010managed HIV defined as being on antiretroviral therapy, HIV RNA &lt;200 copies\/mL, and CD4 count \u2265500 cells\/\u03bcL).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study included 9076 PWH and 205\u2009178 PWoH (mean age 46\u2009years, 90% men). Compared with PWoH, sleep disorder incidence was greater among PWH overall [aIRR\u2009=\u20091.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12\u20131.26], particularly for insomnia (aIRR\u2009=\u20091.56, 95% CI: 1.45\u20131.67). Sleep apnea incidence was lower among PWH (aIRR\u2009=\u20090.90, 95% CI: 0.84\u20130.97). In HIV management subgroups, PWH without well\u2010managed HIV had lower sleep apnea incidence (vs. PWoH: aIRR\u2009=\u20090.79, 95% CI: 0.70\u20130.89) but PWH with well\u2010managed HIV did not (vs. PWoH: aIRR\u2009=\u20090.97, 95% CI: 0.89\u20131.06).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>PWH have high sleep disorder incidence, and insomnia is the most common clinical diagnosis. Lower sleep apnea incidence among PWH may reflect underdiagnosis in those with sub\u2010optimally treated HIV and will be important to investigate further.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T01:24:54Z","timestamp":1718760294000},"page":"1162-1168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinically recognized sleep disorders in people living with <scp>HIV<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5650-4310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer O.","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Systems Science Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig E.","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South San Francisco Medical Center Kaiser Permanente Northern California  South San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey","family":"Alexeeff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tory","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varada","family":"Sarovar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6194-699X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra N.","family":"Lea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Verena E.","family":"Metz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Horberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Systems Science Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine  Pasadena California USA"},{"name":"Mid\u2010Atlantic Permanente Research Institute Kaiser Permanente Mid\u2010Atlantic States  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek D.","family":"Satre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9322-1395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Silverberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Pleasanton California USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Systems Science Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine  Pasadena California USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.03.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","article-title":"Sleep deficiency among people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a growing challenge","author":"Reisert H","year":"2023","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25714"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1391"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000003515"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12838"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"California Department of Public Health \u2010 Office of AIDS.California HIV Surveillance Report \u2010 2020. Sacramento CA. Available at:https:\/\/www.cdph.ca.gov\/Programs\/CID\/DOA\/CDPH%20Document%20Library\/California_HIV_Surveillance_Report2020_ADA.pdf. [Accessed 10 August 2023]"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"GordonNP.Similarity of adult Kaiser Permanente Members to the adult population in Kaiser Permanente's Northern California service area: Comparisons based on the 2017\/2018 cycle of the California Health Interview Survey. Oakland CA. Available at:https:\/\/divisionofresearch.kaiserpermanente.org\/projects\/memberhealthsurvey\/SiteCollectionDocuments\/compare_kp_ncal\u2010chis2017\u201018.pdf. 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