{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T07:14:15Z","timestamp":1777619655102,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our objective was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) among older people living with HIV at the time of enrolment into a clinical trial in Kenya.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The bictegravir\/emtricitabine\/tenofovir alafenamide (BFTAF) Elderly Study is a clinical trial among virally suppressed people living with HIV aged \u226560\u2009years randomized to switch to BFTAF or continue their pre\u2010enrolment regimen. At enrolment, dual\u2010energy x\u2010ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck was performed and T\u2010scores calculated for BMD. Osteoporosis was defined as T\u2010score\u2009\u22122.5 or lower and osteopenia as T\u2010score between \u22121 and \u22122.5. Fracture risk was calculated based on clinical risk factors (not including BMD), considering HIV as a secondary cause of osteoporosis, and the correlation between FRAX\u00ae\u2010HIV and BMD assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between February and May 2022, a total of 296 participants were enrolled. All were Black African, 147 (49.7%) were female, the median age was 64\u2009years (range 60\u201377), and 280 (94.6%) were on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. The median BMD of lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck was 0.87\u2009g\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (interquartile range [IQR] 0.78\u20130.99), 0.89\u2009g\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (IQR 0.79\u20131.01), and 0.75\u2009g\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (IQR 0.67\u20130.84), respectively, with median T\u2010scores of \u22121.9 (IQR \u22122.8 to \u22120.7), \u22121.0 (IQR \u22121.9 to \u22120.3), and \u22121.5 (IQR \u22122.2 to \u22120.9), respectively. Osteoporosis and osteopenia were found in 37.5% and 47.3% of participants, respectively. Major osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture 10\u2010year median probabilities using FRAX\u00ae\u2010HIV were 3.4% (IQR 2.8\u20134.6) and 1.0% (IQR 0.7\u20131.3). Correlation coefficients between these FRAX\u00ae\u2010HIV probabilities and femoral neck BMD were \u22120.204 for major osteoporotic fracture and \u22120.338 for hip fracture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of osteoporosis is high among older people living with HIV in Kenya, where DXA is not readily available and risk calculation without BMD had low correlation with measured BMD values. Additional data are required on the impact of investment in fracture risk assessment and treatment, including population\u2010specific risk calculators.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T11:08:42Z","timestamp":1732187322000},"page":"382-389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["High prevalence of osteoporosis among virally suppressed older people (\u226560\u2009years) living with <scp>HIV<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6443-1748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy","family":"Penner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis University of Nairobi  Nairobi Kenya"},{"name":"Department of Family Practice University of British Columbia  Vancouver 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Medicine and Therapeutics University of Nairobi  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Nyakoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mbagathi Hospital  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Wanjohi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Nairobi Hospital  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Mbewa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis University of Nairobi  Nairobi Kenya"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics University of Nairobi  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florentius","family":"Ndinya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital  Kisumu Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheila","family":"Eshiwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenyatta National Hospital  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Wahome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenyatta National Hospital  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Bhagani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine Royal Free London Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Pozniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Celia L.","family":"Gregson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal 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