{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T20:29:35Z","timestamp":1788294575573,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common among people with HIV (PWH), and may be associated with negative outcomes. We aimed to identify the seroprevalence of CMV between 01 January 1998 and 01 June 2022 among PWH accessing care at the Southern Alberta Clinic (SAC) and the associated risk factors. We also aimed to assess the impact of CMV seropositivity on CD4+ T\u2010cells and CD4+\/CD8+ ratio recovery among PWH who maintain HIV viral suppression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Poisson regression models with robust variance estimated crude and adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals to identify risk factors for CMV seronegativity. Among PWH maintaining viral suppression, trends in the median CD4+ T\u2010cell count and CD4+\/CD8+ ratio were visualized, and continuous time\u2010to\u2010event Cox proportional hazard models estimated hazards ratios (aHR) for CD4+ cell count recovery to \u2265500 cells\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> and CD4+\/CD8+ ratio of &gt;1 at 10\u2009years by CMV serostatus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 3249 PWH, 2954 (91%) were CMV seropositive. CMV seronegativity was associated with younger ages, male sex, non\u2010Hispanic white race and an education of \u226512\u2009years. While CMV seronegativity did not affect CD4+ T\u2010cell recovery following HIV viral suppression (aHR 1.15 [0.89\u20131.48]), it was associated with a greater likelihood of CD4+\/CD8+ ratio normalization (aHR 2.38 [1.85\u20133.07]) at 10\u2009years of follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>CMV is a common coinfection among PWH. We found that CMV positivity among PWH maintaining HIV viral suppression, while not associated with CD4+ T\u2010cell recovery, was associated with a reduced CD4+\/CD8+ ratio recovery. This suggests an association with chronic CMV infection\u2010mediated immune activation and inflammation among PWH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.70036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T02:43:29Z","timestamp":1745894609000},"page":"1074-1085","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cytomegalovirus serostatus among people with <scp>HIV<\/scp>, characterizing the prevalence, risk factors, and association with immune recovery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Joshua","family":"Quisias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. John","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Southern Alberta Clinic, Alberta Health Services  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology &amp; Infectious Diseases University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally B.","family":"Coburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4842-2846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hartmut B.","family":"Krentz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Southern Alberta Clinic, Alberta Health Services  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Beckthold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Alberta Clinic, Alberta Health Services  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Public Health Laboratory Alberta Health Services  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Parkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology &amp; Infectious Diseases University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raynell","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Southern Alberta Clinic, Alberta Health Services  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-016-0297-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32834640e6"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"S37","article-title":"Lessons from the natural history of cytomegalovirus","volume":"10","author":"Bowen EF","year":"1996","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000003723"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-019-00591-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2019.104024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000678"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu417"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy005"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"S47","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus as a possible cofactor in HIV disease progression","volume":"4","author":"Webster A","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw217"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20411\/pai.v5i1.365"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-21347-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151684"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002852"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226182"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy146"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(18)30295-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000003128"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.7954"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-021-01504-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad136"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu669"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165774"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002525"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP3287"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu346"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial and Chlamydial Infections","author":"Lennette EH","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/LMKHW2C86ZJDRTFE"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002638"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Gupta M","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29525"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw076"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.655"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2034"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/652438"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252309"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ840"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","unstructured":"GianellaS ErlandsonK KitchDW et al.Letermovir for CMV suppression improves immunologic and functional aging outcomes in treated HIV. Oral Presentation presented at: CROI; March 9 2025; San Francisco."}],"container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hiv.70036","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T10:45:59Z","timestamp":1751366759000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hiv.70036"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hiv.70036"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hiv.70036","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-2662","1468-1293"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-2662","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1293","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}