{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:10:42Z","timestamp":1792599042370,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749772800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010877","name":"ViiV Healthcare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010877","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Randomized controlled trial evidence suggests that long\u2010acting injectable (LA\u2010I) cabotegravir and rilpivirine (CAB+RPV) has similar virological failure (VF) rates to daily oral therapy, but clinical practice evidence is lacking. Integrase inhibitor (INI) resistance may limit future therapy. The optimal regimen is uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We synthesized evidence from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane and conference abstract databases through 18 November 2024, to identify observational cohort studies (OCS) that reported on VF events in virally suppressed individuals who switched to LA\u2010I CAB+RPV. We extracted data on VF, resistance\u2010associated mutations (RAMs) at VF, post\u2010VF regimen choice and re\u2010suppression. We assessed the risk of bias using a modified Downs and Black tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      VF definitions differed considerably among OCS, with 172 individuals experiencing VF across 79 cohorts that included 13\u2009899 individuals. Twenty\u2010eight cohorts (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097987) reported genotypic information at VF. Out of the 80 VF events with genotypic information available at the time of the VF event, NNRTI mutations were identified in 45 cases, INIs in 40 cases, and dual\u2010class resistance in 33 cases. Notably, 28 VF events were not accompanied by resistance. Post\u2010VF regimen choices were reported for 92 VF events. Regimens used were protease inhibitor (PI)\u2010based, oral INI\u2010based and some physicians continued LA\u2010I CAB+RPV post\u2010VF. Re\u2010suppression occurred in 87.8% (65\/74) of VF events in which it was described.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In OCS, VF was a very uncommon occurrence and comparable with clinical trials. However, when it did occur, it was frequently accompanied by resistance. Post\u2010VF regimens used to achieve suppression varied, including LA\u2010I CAB+RPV maintenance and were highly successful.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.70057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T09:09:19Z","timestamp":1749805759000},"page":"1267-1288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Long\u2010acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine in observational cohort studies: A systematic review on virological failure, resistance and re\u2010suppression outcomes in virally suppressed individuals living with\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4016-4643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyle","family":"Ring","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SHARE Collaborative, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London  London UK"},{"name":"Barts Health NHS Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1881-5470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexa","family":"Elias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SHARE Collaborative, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8957-6927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan","family":"Devonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SHARE Collaborative, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1594-1458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie","family":"Smuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SHARE Collaborative, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6168-6745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chloe","family":"Orkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SHARE Collaborative, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London  London UK"},{"name":"Barts Health NHS Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000897"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.22246"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Adults and Adolescents with HIV","author":"Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000003025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(21)00185-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(21)00184-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00289-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(23)00136-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac492.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae523"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad370"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad500.1443"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2023.100793"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad500.1442"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"PozniakA SridharG AssoumouL et al.Real\u2010world utilization and effectiveness of long\u2010acting cabotegravir + rilpivirine in virologically suppressed treatment experienced individuals in Europe: Data from COMBINE\u20102 Cohort Study. 25th International AIDS Conference; July 20\u201326 2024; Munich Germany."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13679"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13647"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000003446"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000003590"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","unstructured":"DeschanvresC AllavenaC PalichR et al.Cabotegravir\u2010Rilpivirine Long acting: Data in real life setting in a French Cohort. 19th European AIDS Conference; October 18\u201321 2023; Warsaw Poland."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","unstructured":"OrkinC PatersonA EliasA et al.The CONSENSUS\u2010LAI Study: Establishing shared definitions of virological failure and discontinuation for long\u2010acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine therapy PrePrints with THE LANCET.2025. 1\u201327."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","unstructured":"EronJJ SarkarS FrickA et al.Real\u2010World Utilization of Cabotegravir + Rilpivirine in the US: Data From Trio Health Cohort. 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