{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T08:05:03Z","timestamp":1768205103370,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IN\u2010DE\u2010983\u20106076"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN\u2010DE\u2010983\u20106076"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study the COVID\u201019 disease course in people living with HIV (PLWH) based on meaningful case numbers, information about comorbidities, antiretroviral and COVID\u201019 treatment and HIV disease\u2010related variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multi\u2010centre, observational, retrospective study of people living with HIV with COVID\u201019 matched to HIV\u2010uninfected individuals with COVID\u201019 (HUC) and a case\u2013control study of people living with HIV with COVID\u201019 matched to COVID\u201019 negative people living with HIV. Kaplan\u2013Meier estimates and Cox proportional\u2010hazards models stratified on each matched pair were used for COVID\u201019 outcomes, and conditional logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors for COVID\u201019 infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Five hundred people living with HIV and COVID\u201019, 1106 HUC and 992 people living with HIV without COVID\u201019 were included. Rates for chronic kidney disease, peripheral vascular disease, dementia, prior pneumonia and liver disease in people living with HIV with COVID\u201019 were significantly higher by 4.1\u2010, 2.9\u2010, 2.6\u2010, 2.4\u2010 and 1.6\u2010fold, respectively, compared to HIV seronegative COVID\u201019 patients. Chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), body mass index (BMI) \u226530\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stage B versus A and HIV viral load \u226550 copies\/mL were significant risk factors for COVID\u201019 in people living with HIV. Critical care admission or death in people living with HIV was comparable to HUC, whilst people living with HIV stayed longer in hospital (11 vs. 9\u2009days) and in intensive care unit (ICU) (18 vs. 7\u2009days) and had a higher age\u2010adjusted Charlson comorbidity index.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study highlights the importance of a well\u2010controlled HIV infection to prevent severe COVID\u201019\u2010related outcomes. In people living with HIV and COVID\u201019, chronic kidney disease and a higher Charlson comorbidity index are risk factors that should prompt early treatment of COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.70094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T23:09:59Z","timestamp":1754608199000},"page":"1657-1672","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Morbidity and risk factors of\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019 in people with\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    \u20101 in Europe: A combined observational cohort and nested case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3111-621X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg M. 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