{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T19:46:56Z","timestamp":1785268016439,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI127203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI127203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>People with HIV experience a high rate of comorbidities that can complicate their health outcomes. Understanding the prevalence, interrelationships and temporal development of these comorbidities is crucial for improving health management and quality of life for people with HIV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used a population\u2010based cohort extracted from statewide electronic health record (EHR) data in South Carolina (SC), including 18\u2009649 people with HIV who survived at least 1 year after HIV diagnosis between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2020. Comorbidities and organ systems were classified using ICD\u201010 codes. Network analysis was performed to assess the closeness centrality among comorbidities. Temporal network analysis was conducted every 3\u2009years to compare the increases or decreases in comorbidities over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The most common comorbidities included infectious diseases (74.4% such as candidiasis, Hepatitis C and other sexually transmitted infections [STIs]), digestive system disorders (67.9%), mental and behavioural disorders (65.0%), respiratory system disorders (62.9%) and musculoskeletal system disorders (62.3%). The most frequent non\u2010communicable conditions were hypertensive disorders (54.7%), nicotine dependence (54.3%), back pain (41.1%), anaemias (39.7%) and gastro\u2010oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (26.0%). The temporal analysis showed a rise in 10 comorbidities from 2006 to 2020, including hypertensive disease (19.7% to 24.7%) and dyslipidaemia (4.5% to 11.2%). Nicotine dependence, hypertensive disease, anaemia and major depressive disorder were the most prevalent over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study underscores the high prevalence and complex interrelationships of comorbidities among people with HIV in SC. This emphasizes the need for ongoing monitoring and specific interventions to address comorbidities, focusing on shared risk factors and established pathological pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.70147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:05:21Z","timestamp":1762992321000},"page":"257-269","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Temporal network analysis of comorbidities among people with\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    in South Carolina"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0672-2237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunqing","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology &amp; Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina  Columbia South Carolina 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