{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T05:58:38Z","timestamp":1775455118365,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA042069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA042069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24AA029959"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24AA029959"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>People with HIV frequently experience gastrointestinal symptoms linked to dysbiosis, impaired mucosal barrier integrity and persistent immune activation. Cannabis is widely used for symptom management by people with HIV, but its effects on the gut microbiome are unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross\u2010sectional analysis of 63 people with HIV (mean age 59.4\u2009years; 71.4% Black or Hispanic) enrolled in the Marijuana Associated Planning and Long\u2010term Effects study and its microbiome and Alzheimer's substudies, which included participants with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Participants provided faecal samples for 16S rRNA sequencing. Cannabis use was quantified using a validated Timeline Followback. Alpha diversity was estimated using the Shannon index, beta diversity with Bray\u2013Curtis dissimilarity and permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), and genus\u2010level abundance using the IFAA method. All models were adjusted for age, sex and education.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Higher cannabis consumption showed a statistically significant association with reduced alpha diversity (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.062 per 50\u2010mg Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) per use\u2010day; 95% confidence interval [CI]: \u22120.12 to \u22120.004;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.038). No statistically significant differences in beta diversity were observed between high and low\u2010to\u2010no groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.35). At the genus level,\n                      <jats:italic>Dialister<\/jats:italic>\n                      abundance showed a statistically significant dose\u2010dependent association with cannabis use, with a 14.4% reduction in abundance per 50\u2010mg increase in THC per use\u2010day (\n                      <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.034).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cannabis consumption in older people with HIV, including those with and without MCI, was associated with lower microbial diversity and reduced\n                      <jats:italic>Dialister<\/jats:italic>\n                      abundance, a taxon with dual roles in mucosal integrity and gastrointestinal symptom modulation. Reduced alpha diversity and\n                      <jats:italic>Dialister<\/jats:italic>\n                      depletion are notable given links to impaired mucosal barrier integrity, microbial translocation and systemic immune activation in HIV. These findings suggest cannabis may modify HIV\u2010associated dysbiosis, warranting further longitudinal studies to disentangle symptomatic benefits from long\u2010term impacts on mucosal health and systemic inflammation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.70180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T06:55:38Z","timestamp":1766472938000},"page":"533-545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cannabis use, microbial diversity and\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Dialister<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    abundance in older adults with\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    : A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9517-4406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donald D.","family":"Porchia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7265-778X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingkai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric C.","family":"Porges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald A.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Smita","family":"Ghare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Louisville  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shirish","family":"Barve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Louisville  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6224-1833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhigang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-019-00441-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001289"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44566-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(23)00028-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HerzogK WilliamsR ChoI TennerC PolesM.Irritable Bowel Syndrome and HIV: A Cross Sectional Study of the Severity of Gastrointestinal Symptoms and HIV\u2010infected Subjects: 1302. 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