{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:13:18Z","timestamp":1789708398422,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Isolated hepatitis B core antibody (anti\u2010HBc pos, anti\u2010HBs neg, HBsAg neg) serology is frequently observed in people living with HIV. It typically indicates a resolved hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection but may also reflect occult HBV infection, with a potential risk of reactivation. Tenofovir (TFV) containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively suppresses HBV replication; however, TFV\u2010sparing dual regimens are increasingly used. This study evaluates evidence of HBV reactivation in people living with HIV with isolated anti\u2010HBc patterns receiving TFV\u2010sparing dual ART.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a single\u2010centre cross\u2010sectional study. All people living with HIV receiving TFV\u2010sparing dual ART with a documented prior isolated anti\u2010HBc serological pattern who attended routine clinical visits between April 2024 and March 2025 were invited to participate. HBV serologies and HBV DNA were performed at the study visit. Reactivation was considered as the presence of HBV\u2010DNA or HBsAg.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 4006 people living with HIV in our cohort, 1499 (37.4%) had serological evidence of prior HBV exposure and 386 had a history of isolated anti\u2010HBc serology. The isolated anti\u2010HBc pattern was confirmed in 77 participants receiving TFV\u2010sparing regimens: 57 on dolutegravir (DTG) plus lamivudine (3TC), 13 on DTG plus rilpivirine and 7 on long\u2010acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine. Median age was 60\u2009years (interquartile range [IQR] 57\u201362), 83% were male, 84% had prior hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection, and the median time on the TFV\u2010sparing regimen was 3.36\u2009years (IQR 2.79\u20133.93). Among the 20 participants receiving regimens without any HBV\u2010active drugs (no TFV or 3TC), no evidence of HBV reactivation was detected. One participant receiving DTG plus 3TC showed a transient, unconfirmed HBV DNA blip (29\u2009IU\/mL), not associated with transaminase increase.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross\u2010sectional assessment, no evidence of HBV reactivation was detected in people living with HIV with isolated anti\u2010HBc receiving TFV\u2010sparing dual ART, including regimens without direct anti\u2010HBV activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.70231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T09:05:52Z","timestamp":1774429552000},"page":"1084-1091","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Hepatitis B reactivation in people living with\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    and isolated anti\u2010\n                    <scp>HBc<\/scp>\n                    receiving tenofovir\u2010sparing dual antiretroviral therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9961-5544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. D. M.","family":"Arcos\u2010Rueda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Unit. Internal Medicine Department Hospital Universitario La Paz\u2010Carlos III, IdiPAZ  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2749-818X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"De Miguel\u2010Buckley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Unit. Internal Medicine Department Hospital Universitario La Paz\u2010Carlos III, IdiPAZ  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9316-8766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"De Gea Grela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Unit. Internal Medicine Department Hospital Universitario La Paz\u2010Carlos III, IdiPAZ  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Busca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Unit. Internal Medicine Department Hospital Universitario La Paz\u2010Carlos III, IdiPAZ  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6626-4266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Mican","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Unit. Internal Medicine Department Hospital Universitario La Paz\u2010Carlos III, IdiPAZ  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Montejano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Unit. Internal Medicine Department Hospital Universitario La Paz\u2010Carlos III, IdiPAZ  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Falces\u2010Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Department Hospital Universitario La Paz\u2010Carlos III, IdiPAZ  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. L.","family":"Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Unit. Internal Medicine Department Hospital Universitario La Paz\u2010Carlos III, IdiPAZ  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3501-8529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. I.","family":"Bernardino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Unit. Internal Medicine Department Hospital Universitario La Paz\u2010Carlos III, IdiPAZ  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Unit. Internal Medicine Department Hospital Universitario La Paz\u2010Carlos III, IdiPAZ  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Martin\u2010Carbonero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Unit. Internal Medicine Department Hospital Universitario La Paz\u2010Carlos III, IdiPAZ  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Manejo de la enfermedad hep\u00e1tica en personas que viven con VIH","author":"Grupo de expertos del Grupo de Estudio del SIDA (GeSIDA) y Plan Nacional sobre el Sida (PNS)","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560\u20107917.ES.2021.26.25.2000236"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(22)01468\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis908"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14071504"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14070728"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000003239"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad500.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.01.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy251"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3280ad47f5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","volume-title":"Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI)","author":"Nkosi NA","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000004227"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000004353"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002941"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1143346"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v16030412"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15010062"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","article-title":"A case series of low\u2010level HBV viremia after switching to long\u2010acting injectable cabotegravir\/rilpivirine in patients with HIV, hepatitis B core antibody positivity, and hepatitis B surface antigen negativity","volume":"9","author":"Welford E","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jve.2024.100574"}],"container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hiv.70231","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/hiv.70231","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hiv.70231","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T18:08:51Z","timestamp":1783447731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hiv.70231"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hiv.70231"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hiv.70231","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-2662","1468-1293"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-2662","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1293","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}