{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T03:08:25Z","timestamp":1788750505927,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010877","name":"ViiV Healthcare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010877","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020979","name":"Provincie Limburg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020979","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In border regions like the EuRegio Meuse\u2010Rhine (EMR), mobility does not stop at the border. HIV risk may therefore not only be determined by within\u2010country factors but also by between\u2010country differences. We explored between\u2010country differences in HIV indicators in the EMR using two complementary data\u2010driven approaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>First, we used 2019\u20132021 surveillance data from the German Robert Koch Institute, the Belgian Health Institute Sciensano and the Dutch HIV Monitoring Foundation to report on the EMR\u2010specific 95\u201095\u201095 goals. Second, we used the cross\u2010sectional EMIS\u20102017 survey, including (trans)men who have sex with men (MSM), to report on determinants of HIV testing in the EMR. We employed multilevel multinomial regression modelling to identify sociodemographic factors associated with recent (&lt;1\u2009year), non\u2010recent (\u22651\u2009year) and never testing for HIV, with a random effect for between\u2010country effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Based on 2021 surveillance data, the estimated number of individuals with HIV is 24\u2009895, with 2236 individuals undiagnosed (9%). Countries differ most on the first pillar of the 95\u201395\u201095 goals: 95\u201393\u201396 in the Dutch, 90\u201398\u201096 in the German and 96\u201094\u201097 in the Belgian EMR\u2010region, respectively. In EMIS\u20102017, half of MSM (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091335\/2669) tested recently, 26% tested not\u2010recently (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009693) and 24% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009641) never tested for HIV; with 8% of HIV\u2010testing variance explained by between\u2010country differences. Non\u2010recent and never\u2010testing were both associated with socio\u2010demographic factors, suggesting that some key populations (e.g., with transgender identity) and lack of resources determined differences in HIV testing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Targeted approaches to address regional and socio\u2010demographic differences are urgently needed, especially to tackle HIV\u2010testing barriers and reach individuals undiagnosed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.70263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T04:18:22Z","timestamp":1780633102000},"page":"1443-1459","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Differences in\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    testing may determine the first pillar of the\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    care continuum in a cross\u2010border setting"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1647-8485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanne M. L.","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Work and Social Psychology Maastricht University  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9336-5022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Stutterheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion &amp; Care and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht University  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0821-2756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominique","family":"van Beckhoven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases Sciensano  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2210-274X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wim","family":"vanden Berghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Institute of Tropical Medicine  Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8989-0091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessika","family":"Deblonde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases Sciensano  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"Detandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Observatoire du sida et des sexualit\u00e9s Universit\u00e9 Libre Bruxelles  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3143-2717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrich","family":"Marcus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Robert Koch Institute  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6538-9051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben","family":"Serrien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases Sciensano  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6656-0516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ard","family":"van Sighem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stichting HIV Monitoring  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Institute for Immunology &amp; Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6607-1993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai J.","family":"Jonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Work and Social Psychology Maastricht University  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Understanding fast\u2010track: accelerating action to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030","author":"UNAIDS","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1196958"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-009688"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","volume-title":"Monitoring Report 2023. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection in the Netherlands","author":"Sighem AI","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19148829"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","unstructured":"Aidsfonds \u2010 Soa Aids Nederland.Nederland naar 0!18\u201001\u20102022 [cited 2022 14\u201307]https:\/\/www.soaaids.nl\/nl\/professionals\/themas\/nederland-naar-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-017-0761-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/rmh0000134"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113092"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-017-1739-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckab177"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13178-019-00413-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Sch\u00e4tzung der Anzahl von HIV\u2010Neuinfektionen im Jahr 2021 und der Gesamtzahl von Menschen, die Ende 2021 mit HIV in Deutschland leben","volume":"47","author":"Heiden MMU","year":"2022","journal-title":"Epidemiol Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","volume-title":"pidemiologie van aids en hiv\u2010infectie in Belgi\u00eb. Toestand op 31 december 2021","author":"Deblonde JSB","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","volume-title":"Continuum of HIV Care. Monitoring Implementation of the Dublin Declaration on Partnership to Fight HIV\/AIDS in Europe and Central Asia: 2021 Progress Report","author":"Control, E.C.f.D.P.a","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07879-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002581"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.930208"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","volume-title":"Monitoring Report 2025. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection in The Netherlands","author":"Sighem AI","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","volume-title":"Epidemiologie van Hiv in Belgi\u00eb. Toestand op 31 december 2024. Rapport 2025","author":"Deblonde J","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2024.2446697"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","volume-title":"Samenvatting \u2018Op zoek naar de Euregio\u2010factor\u2019. Welke aanknopingspunten kunnen worden gevonden in de Euregio Maas\u2010Rijn die mogelijk bijdragen aan het verbeteren van de gezondheidssituatie in (Zuid\u2010) Limburg?","author":"Curvers N","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17645\/si.v7i4.2326"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07168-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-42762-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19691-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1586736"}],"container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hiv.70263","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/hiv.70263","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hiv.70263","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T02:49:07Z","timestamp":1788749347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hiv.70263"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hiv.70263"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hiv.70263","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-2662","1468-1293"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-2662","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1293","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}