{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T03:48:15Z","timestamp":1791776895144,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UG3HL154499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UG3HL154499"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data on diabetes screening and monitoring, within HIV care programmes in sub\u2010Saharan Africa, remain limited. This study describes the quality of diabetes screening and management among people living with HIV with comorbid hypertension receiving care at facilities participating in the InterCARE trial in Botswana.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross\u2010sectional analysis of adults aged 20\u201375\u2009years with a documented diabetes diagnosis at enrolment in InterCARE (January\u2013September 2023). All participants were people living with HIV with hypertension receiving routine HIV clinic care. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize baseline characteristics and key diabetes care indicators, including glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), low\u2010density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and blood pressure (BP), and their level of control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 4655 InterCARE participants, 138 (3.0%) had a prior diabetes diagnosis. In this diabetes subgroup, 69.6% were female (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200999), and the median age was 58\u2009years (IQR 52\u201364). Among the 87 participants receiving diabetes treatment, 80.0% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200970) were on oral agents and 20.0% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200917) on insulin\u2010based therapy. Glycaemic and LDL monitoring had been performed in only 5.1% and 2.2% of participants, respectively. Blood pressure control (BP &lt;130\/80\u2009mmHg) was achieved in 60.9%. Among those with HbA1c results (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200975.1%), only 28.6% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092) had glycaemic control (HbA1c &lt;7%); however, interpretation is limited by the small number of HbA1c measurements. Lipid control could not be assessed due to insufficient data. Among participants without diabetes, documented screening was rare (17\/4517; 0.3%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetes care among people living with HIV ith hypertension in Botswana is suboptimal with major gaps in screening and metabolic monitoring. These findings highlight broader challenges in the delivery of integrated chronic disease care within HIV services. Strengthening the integration of non\u2010communicable disease care into HIV programmes, including routine diabetes screening and cardiometabolic risk management, is urgently needed to improve health outcomes and reduce the burden of cardiovascular and other chronic complications among people living with HIV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.70318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T03:37:53Z","timestamp":1791776273000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gaps in diabetes care among people living with\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    and hypertension in Botswana: A cross\u2010sectional analysis of the\n                    <scp>InterCARE<\/scp>\n                    study"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3371-4611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Onkabetse Julia","family":"Molefe\u2010Baikai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6153-4693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tshepo B.","family":"Leeme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0714-7767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moagedi K.","family":"Mawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2715-0047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kago","family":"Kebotsamang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8518-8836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thato","family":"Moshomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin","family":"Mogaetsho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tendani","family":"Gaolathe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kesaobaka","family":"Molebatsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8235-6582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matlhogonolo","family":"Kelepile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keonayang","family":"Kgotlaetsile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7505-9352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pooja","family":"Gala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine NYU Langone Grossman School of Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2788-2464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duolao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shabbar","family":"Jaffar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3182-5542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura M.","family":"Bogart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RAND  Santa Monica California USA"},{"name":"Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4355-7437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa R.","family":"Hirschhorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Medical Social Sciences and Havey Institute for Global Health Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mosepele","family":"Mosepele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Botswana Harvard Health Partnership  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Harvard T.H. 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