{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:52:02Z","timestamp":1787014322232,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,20]],"date-time":"2018-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kewpie Corporation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intern J of Cosmetic Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The major causes of unpleasant human body odour are aldehydes produced by axillary\u2010resident bacteria. There are many methods of body odour prevention; however, they all carry risks of destroying indigenous dermal bacteria that are necessary for the maintenance of the normal physical function of the skin. Furthermore, some methods cannot directly reduce the concentrations of substances that cause body odour. Therefore, a novel method of reducing body odour more safely and effectively is required. We focused on acetic acid bacterial enzymes, which can convert aldehydes into carboxylic acids, and investigated their effect on aldehydes and body odour.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subjects with strong body odour were recruited using screening questionnaires. Acetic acid bacterial extract including enzymes was applied to subjects\u2019 skin, and their effects were evaluated by trained panellists and by quantitative aldehyde analysis using thermal detector gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acetic acid bacterial extract including enzymes decreased the ratio of dilution to threshold and the concentration of body odour\u2010producing aldehydes dropped by up to 98.7%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results indicate that simply applying acetic acid bacterial enzymes on the skin can reduce the concentration of aldehydes that cause unpleasant body odour by directly converting them into carboxylic acids. Therefore, acetic acid bacterial enzymes can potentially be developed into new products that do not destroy indigenous bacteria and yet can effectively reduce unpleasant body odour.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,13]],"date-time":"2018-06-13T05:41:01Z","timestamp":1528868461000},"page":"425-428","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Body odour aldehyde reduction by acetic acid bacterial extract including enzymes: alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4052-0225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Yoshioka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kewpie Co. 2\u20105\u20107 Sengawa\u2010cho Chofu\u2010shi Tokyo 182\u20100002 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Kurata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kewpie Co. 2\u20105\u20107 Sengawa\u2010cho Chofu\u2010shi Tokyo 182\u20100002 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kewpie Co. 2\u20105\u20107 Sengawa\u2010cho Chofu\u2010shi Tokyo 182\u20100002 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ariizumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kewpie Co. 2\u20105\u20107 Sengawa\u2010cho Chofu\u2010shi Tokyo 182\u20100002 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Control Center Co., Ltd. 3\u20107\u201023 Sandamachi Hachioji\u2010shi Tokyo 193\u20100832 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Fujisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Control Center Co., Ltd. 3\u20107\u201023 Sandamachi Hachioji\u2010shi Tokyo 193\u20100832 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Kameyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Control Center Co., Ltd. 3\u20107\u201023 Sandamachi Hachioji\u2010shi Tokyo 193\u20100832 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Okuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kewpie Co. 2\u20105\u20107 Sengawa\u2010cho Chofu\u2010shi Tokyo 182\u20100002 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(00)86048-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac990963k"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3793\/jaam.7.60"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2494.2006.00322.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202x.2001.01287.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"333","article-title":"Analysis of human body odor components adhered to clothes by gas chromatography \u2013 mass spectrometry","volume":"51","author":"Seya T.","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Jpn Res. Assoc. Text. End Uses"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.13.85"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Development of sensitive analytical method of body odor components using solid\u2010phase microextraction, and analysis of their changes by use of cosmetics, food intake and stress load","volume":"22","author":"Kataoka H.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cosmetology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2010.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"Iwasaki Y.et al.Odor measurement review. (2003). Available athttps:\/\/www.env.go.jp\/en\/air\/odor\/measure\/index.html. Accessed on November 20 2017."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cosmetic Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fics.12473","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ics.12473","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T08:03:54Z","timestamp":1695024234000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ics.12473"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ics.12473"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ics.12473","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0142-5463","1468-2494"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0142-5463","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2494","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-11-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-06-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-08-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}