{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T22:07:30Z","timestamp":1776377250106,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010408","name":"Diagnostic Services Manitoba","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010408","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intern J of Cosmetic Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Facial skin is a particularly complex environment made of different skin types such as sebaceous (forehead) and dry (cheeks). The skin microbiota composition on different facial sites has not yet been addressed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a 4\u2010week\u2010long, single\u2010centre, randomized and placebo\u2010controlled clinical study involving 23 Caucasian females. We assessed both bacterial composition on five different facial areas and the microbiome modulatory effects resulting from the topical application of a plant extract (<jats:italic>Epilobium fleischeri<\/jats:italic>). Skin microbiome samples were collected before and after 4\u2009weeks of product application. Microbiota profiling was performed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and relative abundance data were used to calculate differentials via a multinomial regression model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Via \u2018reference frames\u2019, we observed shifts in microbial composition after 4\u2009weeks of twice\u2010daily product application and identify certain microbiota species, which were positively associated with the application of the product containing the <jats:italic>Epilobium fleischeri<\/jats:italic> extract. <jats:italic>Staphylococcus hominis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Micrococcus yunnanensis<\/jats:italic> appeared to be significantly enriched in the final microbiota composition of the active treatment group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Facial skin was found to be colonized by an heterogenous microbiota, and the <jats:italic>Epilobium fleischeri<\/jats:italic> extract had a modulatory effect on commensal bacteria on the different facial sites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]],"date-time":"2022-05-02T13:09:54Z","timestamp":1651496994000},"page":"440-452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["5\u2010\u03b1 reductase inhibition by <i>Epilobioum fleischeri<\/i> extract modulates facial microbiota structure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3406-0736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Sfriso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Personal Care DSM Nutritional Products  Kaiseraugst Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Claypool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Innovation Center DSM 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