{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T11:57:34Z","timestamp":1784203054305,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intern J of Cosmetic Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The emergence of new human and environmental\u2010related toxicity data associated with some common UV filters has catalysed growing interest in the inclusion of boosters and stabilizing ingredients in sunscreens. One approach is to incorporate alternative materials inspired by or mimetic of systems in biology, which offer a notable evolutionary advantage of multifunctionality and stability with increased biocompatibility. We describe the use of a natural product, Xanthochrome\u00ae (INCI: Ammonium Xanthommatin), in a series of studies designed to not only assess its safety with marine systems but also its formulation compatibility and function in water\u2010in\u2010oil mineral sunscreens. Xanthochrome is the synthetic form of the naturally occurring chromophore xanthommatin (XA) present in cephalopod skin, which doubles as a photostable antioxidant; however, it has never been explored in combination with mineral UV filters in finished formulations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Given the recent controversies associated with the environmental toxicological effects of some chemicals used in sunscreens, the safety of XA with coral cuttings was first validated at concentrations 5\u00d7 above those used in our formulations. Next, a particle\u2010based delivery of XA was designed and incorporated into a zinc oxide (ZnO)\u2010based water\u2010in\u2010oil sunscreen, where the SPF, critical wavelength, and visible light (VL) blocking potential were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We observed no adverse effects of XA at 100\u2009mg\/L when tested with coral cuttings, demonstrating its safety at concentrations exceeding those used in our sunscreens. When formulated with ZnO\u2010based sunscreens, the inclusion of XA increased the total UV absorbance profile by 28% and the total blocking potential of VL by 45%. The formulations also elicited no dermal irritation or sensitization in a human insult repeat patch test (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009100 subjects).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>XA is differentiated as a photostable, water\u2010soluble compound that is a VL booster proven safe for skin and coral cuttings. To the best of our knowledge, there are no other boosters that can be classified as such, despite a growing body of literature highlighting the need in the industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T08:29:38Z","timestamp":1721377778000},"page":"941-948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Using cephalopod\u2010inspired chemistry to extend long\u2010wavelength ultraviolet and visible light protection of mineral sunscreens"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3226-2470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leila F.","family":"Deravi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Seaspire, Inc.  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Northeastern University  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seaspire, Inc.  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1147-4298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille A.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seaspire, Inc.  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2005.23618.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.4320"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.114576"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2007.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2007.00264.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.11.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochemrev.2011.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"US food and drug administration.Amending over\u2010the\u2010counter monograph M020: sunscreen drug products for over\u2010the\u2010counter human use; over\u2010the\u2010counter monograph proposed order (OTC 000008) 86 FR 53322 09\/24\/2021. 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[FR Dpc. 2011\u201314766 Filed 06\/16\/2011; Publication Date: 06\/17\/2011]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10966"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abn2600"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065451"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12785"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","first-page":"95","article-title":"Immediate pigment darkening: description, kinetic and biological function","volume":"9","author":"Routaboul C","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2pp25152c"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130949"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c9pp00425d"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.04.079"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cosmetic Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ics.12993","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T02:58:12Z","timestamp":1731293892000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ics.12993"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ics.12993"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ics.12993","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0142-5463","1468-2494"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0142-5463","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2494","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}