{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T19:15:50Z","timestamp":1770405350440,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757462400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intern J of Cosmetic Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the human face, the lips play a key role in social interactions and are a major element of makeup strategies. However, the amount of data available on lips, particularly relating to colour, is limited in comparison to that on skin. To gain a better understanding of lip colour, this study aimed to assess its diversity across four ethnicities (Asian Chinese, African American, Hispanic American and Caucasian American and French). The final objective was to develop a lip colour chart to guide cosmetic product development. A total of 514 women aged from 19 to 68\u2009years were recruited in the USA, France and China. Their natural lower lip colour was measured with a full\u2010face hyperspectral imaging system, SpectraFace\u00ae (Newtone Technologies, Lyon, France). The data showed a large variety in lip colour between and within each ethnicity. Important overlaps were found between ethnic groups, particularly and surprisingly between Hispanic and Asian women. This allowed for the development of a lip colour chart composed of 53 lip tones, based upon lightness and hue, as a global reference guide for lip colour assessment. Hispanic women showed the largest diversity, represented in 32 of the chart tones. The present study revealed a large lip colour diversity across four ethnic groups. The inter\u2010group overlaps demonstrate that lip colour is not solely defined by individual ethnic belonging. The 53 lip tones described here could be used as target shades to create more inclusive nude lipsticks in the near future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.70004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T04:46:24Z","timestamp":1757565984000},"page":"161-171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of a lip colour chart across four ethnicities"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6528-0975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zo\u00e9","family":"Charton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LVMH Recherche, CEECI  Neuilly\u2010sur\u2010Seine France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7064-5440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9lo\u00efse","family":"Vergnaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LVMH Recherche, CEECI  Neuilly\u2010sur\u2010Seine France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Caisey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boostinnov  Thiais France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Blumenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood  Palaiseau France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LVMH Recherche, AIC  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LVMH Recherche, AIC  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Virginie","family":"Couturaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parfums Christian Dior  Neuilly\u2010sur\u2010Seine France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tony","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LVMH Recherche, AIC  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"El\u00e9onore","family":"Loescher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LVMH Recherche, CEECI  Neuilly\u2010sur\u2010Seine France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"165","article-title":"Reading our lips: the history of lipstick regulation in Western seats of power","volume":"62","author":"Schaffer SE","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Drug Law J"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"117","article-title":"Lipstick: more than a fashion trend","volume":"1","author":"Ogilvie M","year":"2011","journal-title":"Res J Soc Sci Manag"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10253866.2019.1670649"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"Color cosmetics","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","article-title":"Lipstick in the time of corona: a sociological musing","volume":"21","author":"Ghoshal R","year":"2022","journal-title":"Artha J Social Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(05)70215-1"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"66","article-title":"The second face of human beings: the semiotics of make\u2010up","volume":"2","author":"Zeng M","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Art Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32602"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12644"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000077838"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12456"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"541","volume-title":"Taylor and Kelly's dermatology for skin of color","author":"Baras D","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14959"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12295"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2007.03192.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2007.00223.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2009.00416.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2494.2006.00329.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5107\/sccj.21.219"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","first-page":"301","article-title":"Measurement of the color for bare skin and foundation\u2010applied skin in women in their 20's: comparison of Japanese and Korean (Proceedings of the 45th Meeting of Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology)","volume":"5","author":"Lee K","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Physiol Anthropol Appl Hum Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/col.22153"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","unstructured":"IwaiI YamashitaT OchiaiN MasudaY HosokawaK KohnoY.Can daily\u2010use lipstick make lips more fresh and healthy?\u2014a new lipstick containing alpha\u2010Glucosyl\u2010hesperidin can remove the dull\u2010color from lips. In:Proceedings of the SCSK Conference;2003. p.162\u2013177."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.1997.tb00255.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/p060313"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016374617369"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13506280444000085"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-008044980-7\/50027-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.13418"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.13583"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0470094745"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12838"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14356"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-23001-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.22738"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5107\/sccj.53.287"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjad270"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2005.00115.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12396"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/ada.2017.67070"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cosmetic Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ics.70004","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ics.70004","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ics.70004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T08:59:06Z","timestamp":1770368346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ics.70004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ics.70004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ics.70004","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0142-5463","1468-2494"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0142-5463","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2494","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}