{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T05:28:05Z","timestamp":1786339685359,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786233600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intern J of Cosmetic Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Extrinsic, lifestyle stressors can increase oxidative stress and induce premature aging characteristics of the skin. We studied the effects of oxidative stress at the biomolecular level to gain insights into effective stress\u2010resiliency strategies for skincare. We also investigated if\n                      <jats:italic>Galactomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                      ferment filtrate (GFF) pretreatment could enhance stress resiliency in keratinocytes in\u00a0vitro.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In vitro single cell Raman spectroscopy was performed to identify an oxidative stress phenotype in keratinocytes exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) stress. The gene expression and functional consequences of acute stress were also determined by performing RNA sequencing, mitochondrial metabolism assays, and proliferation assays 24\u2009h after H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      stress exposure. All experiments were performed with and without GFF pretreatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Raman spectra revealed a novel stress phenotype which includes the formation of cysteic acid with increasing doses of H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , likely from the breaking of disulfide bonds in keratins. GFF pretreatment significantly mitigated this stress phenotype; GFF\u2010pretreated cells were 11.9 times more likely to exhibit healthy spectra compared to control cells when exposed to high stress. RNA sequencing conducted 24\u2009h after H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      exposure also demonstrated a stress\u2010related phenotype characterized by enhanced regulation of apoptosis and reduced keratinocyte differentiation. Conversely, GFF pretreatment increased multiple pathways of skin development at baseline and prevented the stress\u2010induced dysregulation of gene expression. Keratinocytes pretreated with GFF also had increased stress resiliency in mitochondrial stress and wound healing assays.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data establishes that oxidative stress induces a distinctive biomolecular stress phenotype in keratinocytes. GFF pretreatment enhances the resilience of keratinocytes, as demonstrated by increased expression across various gene pathways related to keratinocyte differentiation, cell\u2013cell junctions, and lipid metabolism. Following oxidative stress, GFF\u2010pretreated cells exhibited substantial protection from the stress\u2010induced biomolecular alterations identified in Raman spectra. Furthermore, GFF pretreatment effectively mitigated the downstream consequences of stress, supporting maintenance of keratinocyte gene\u2010expression programs, mitochondrial activity, and wound\u2010closure capacity after oxidative stress.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.70135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T04:34:29Z","timestamp":1786336469000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pretreatment of keratinocytes with\n                    <i>Galactomyces<\/i>\n                    ferment filtrate (\n                    <scp>GFF<\/scp>\n                    ) promotes stress resiliency in an in\u00a0vitro oxidative stress model"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1164-6611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa C.","family":"Green","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The 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M.","family":"Snowball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Cambron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8882-1863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Hakozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.3390\/biom5020545","article-title":"Oxidative stress in aging human skin","volume":"5","author":"Rinnerthaler 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