{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:51:40Z","timestamp":1787014300657,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]],"date-time":"2022-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dental Hygiene"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the prevalence of halitosis in young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Young adults (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0372; mean age\u00a0=\u00a021.0\u2009\u00b1\u20092.6\u2009years old, range\u00a0=\u00a018\u201330\u2009years) in Dunedin, New Zealand, were recruited into the cross sectional study after providing informed consent. The prevalence of halitosis was determined using both objective measurements (parts per billion [ppb] volatile sulphur compounds [VSCs] in the exhaled air) and subjective measurements (self\u2010reported halitosis questionnaire, tongue coating index, and organoleptic assessment).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Volatile sulphur compounds measurements indicated that the prevalence of halitosis (values \u2265140\u2009ppb) was 31.2%; 25.6% of participants self\u2010reported halitosis. The organoleptic assessment revealed that 14.3% of the participants had a score of \u22652. A positive correlation was found between the VSC measurements and organoleptic assessment (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). No significant relationship was found between self\u2010reported halitosis and either organoleptic assessment or VSC measurements. Self\u2010reported dry mouth, smoking, oral hygiene index, DMFT index, and tongue coating score were significantly associated with the organoleptic assessment (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The self\u2010reported dry mouth, mouth breathing and tongue coating score were significantly associated with the VSC scores (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Halitosis, as represented by VSC, was found in 31.2% of the participants. VSC scores and organoleptic assessment were positively correlated. There was no significant relationship between self\u2010reported halitosis and either organoleptic assessment or VSC measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T03:40:03Z","timestamp":1659584403000},"page":"700-707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Prevalence of halitosis among young adults in Dunedin, New Zealand"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Wing Wan","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rayner","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry University of Otago  Dunedin New 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